The present invention relates to the use of foaming additives in liquid, paste or powder form, to condition soil excavated with a tunnel boring machine. Said additives can be classified as readily biodegradable and are characterised by a lower ecotoxicological impact than commercial products.

The present invention relates to the use of foaming additives in liquid, paste or powder form, to condition soil excavated with a tunnel boring machine. Said additives can be classified as readily biodegradable and are characterised by a lower ecotoxicological impact than commercial products.

A method for wetting and/or conditioning soil comprises applying a soil treatment composition containing hydrolysed protein to the soil. The soil treatment composition preferably contains a surfactant selected from ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (EO/PO) block copolymer and/or an alkyl polyglycoside. The soil treatment composition may also contain an additional alkoxylate surfactant.

A method for wetting and/or conditioning soil comprises applying a soil treatment composition containing hydrolysed protein to the soil. The soil treatment composition preferably contains a surfactant selected from ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (EO/PO) block copolymer and/or an alkyl polyglycoside. The soil treatment composition may also contain an additional alkoxylate surfactant.

Provided is a solvent borne dust suppressant or stabilization composition in a solvent which includes, a blend of an inorganic salt and a lignin-carbohydrate mixture, optionally with one or more of a surfactant and crosslinker, wherein the lignin-carbohydrate mixture may be a copolymer and may be present in an amount of 5 weight % to 50 weight % solids, wherein the lignin is a low average molecular weight lignin, the carbohydrate includes hemicellulose and wherein the lignin and hemicellulose are substantially derived from a non-wood source, a wood source or a blend thereof.

A method for stabilizing a soil sample may include forming a Typha latifolia powder with an average particle size of between 5 nm and 150 nm by grinding Typha latifolia. The method for stabilizing the soil sample may also include mixing the Typha latifolia powder with the soil sample.

A method for stabilizing a soil sample may include forming a Typha latifolia powder with an average particle size of between 5 nm and 150 nm by grinding Typha latifolia. The method for stabilizing the soil sample may also include mixing the Typha latifolia powder with the soil sample.

The present invention relates to superabsorbent biobased hydrogels prepared with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) cross-linked with either citric acid, succinic acid, or sebacic acid. The swelling ratio of the superabsorbent hydrogels of the invention was dependent on the cross-linker used, the concentration of the cross-linker, and the cross-linking temperature.

The present invention relates to superabsorbent biobased hydrogels prepared with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMCNa) and hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) cross-linked with either citric acid, succinic acid, or sebacic acid. The swelling ratio of the superabsorbent hydrogels of the invention was dependent on the cross-linker used, the concentration of the cross-linker, and the cross-linking temperature.

The bioorganic soil conditioner includes biochar derived from plant waste and a mix of chemicals including sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde and polyvinyl alcohol. The bioorganic soil conditioner is made by infusing biochar from lignin-rich plant waste with the mix of chemicals. The bioorganic soil conditioner improves soil aggregation and moisture and nutrient retention capacity. Thus, the bioorganic soil conditioner may be added to soil to improve crop production and stabilize soil, for example, in conditions of high wind or desertification.