Resins comprising nanoparticles formed from π-conjugated cross-linked polymers are disclosed, together with their methods of manufacture and their applications in light emitting devices.

The present application relates to an electrochromic composite, an electrochromic device comprising the same, and a method for manufacturing an electrochromic device.

Black-to-transmissive electrochromic polymers have superior properties such as absorbance of across the entire visible spectrum and an obvious color change from black to transmissive with an applied voltage. Methods for synthesizing or using the same include contacting monomers under polymerization conditions. Black-to-transmissive electrochromic polymer thin films include the black-to-transmissive electrochromic polymers, and electrochromic devices include the black-to-transmissive electrochromic polymers or thin films.

The present invention relates to compounds of the formula (1) and (2) which are suitable for use in electro¬nic devices, in particular organic electroluminescent devices.

Nanoparticle compositions comprising nanoparticles formed from -conjugated cross-linked polymers are disclosed, together with their methods of manufacture and their applications. Owing to the nature of the cross-links formed therein, the nanoparticle compositions afford a high degree of manufacturing flexibility and control, as well as being amenable to facile purification for the purpose of imaging and electronics applications.

A method for forming organic semiconducting materials, including: providing a mixture having: a tetrathienoacene (FT4)-based monomer, and one of a thiophene-containing compound or an alkene-containing compound; and reacting the FT4-based monomer with the thiophene-containing compound or the alkene-containing compound in a one-step direct arylation reaction mechanism to form a final FT4-based organic semiconducting compound.

An electrochromic apparatus includes a first glass, a first adhesive layer disposed on the first glass, a second glass, a second adhesive layer disposed on the second glass, a solid-state electrochromic device (ECD) interposed between the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer, and a sealant disposed at edges of the first glass and the second glass to seal the ECD. The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are disposed between the first glass and the second glass. The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are optically transparent. Edges of the adhesive layers are flush with or beyond edges of the ECD. The sealant is adhesive and waterproof.

A quantum dot ligand, a quantum dot complex including the same, a quantum dot composition including the quantum dot complex, and a light-emitting device including the quantum dot complex are provided. The quantum dot ligand is a polymer including: a first unit having a functional group having a charge transport function; and a second unit having at least one crosslinkable functional group and at least one functional group capable of binding to a quantum dot.

A fluorescent infrared emitting composition comprising a mixture of a first material and a second material wherein the first material is a fluorescent infrared material and the second material is a fluorescent material having a higher photoluminescent quantum yield (PLQY) and shorter peak wavelength than the infrared emitting material. The composition may be used as the light-emitting layer of an organic light-emitting device.

Disclosed is a rare-earth complex polymer including trivalent rare-earth ions and a phosphine oxide bidentate ligand represented by the formula (1). One phosphine oxide bidentate ligand is coordinated to the two rare-earth ions, and crosslinks the same. ##STR00001##