A liquid-phase reactor has an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder disposed along an axial direction of the reactor. The outer cylinder has a top head, a straight cylinder section and a bottom head. An annular space is formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder. A top end of the inner cylinder is open and is in communication with the annular space. The inner cylinder has an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder sequentially from top to bottom. The upper cylinder is positioned in the straight cylinder section, with its cross-sectional area being gradually reduced from top to bottom. The lower cylinder is positioned in the bottom head, with its cross-sectional area being gradually increased from top to bottom. An inorganic membrane tube extending along the axial direction of the reactor is provided in the lower cylinder so that a shell-and-tube structure is formed.

A treatment process for remediating; contaminants in a mixture of contaminated fluids, including at least one liquid fluid and at least one gaseous fluid, includes the steps of: preparing a treatment composition containing at least 80 volume % of an aqueous solution containing at least one hydroxide compound at a collective concentration of 35-55 weight percent, and at least one organic acid selected from the group consisting of fulvic acid and humic acid at a collective concentration of 0.1-5 wt % of the treatment composition; adding a dosage of the treatment composition to a mixture of contaminated fluids including a liquid portion and a gaseous portion; and allowing the treatment composition to react with the mixture of contaminated fluids for at least 10 minutes. A pH of the treatment composition is at least 12.0

Processes for producing liquid fuels from a mainly organic starting material with a reduced content in water and/or with a reduced content in solids are disclosed. The mainly organic starting material can be at least partially liquified and optionally further dewatered. The obtained at least partially liquid fraction can be thereafter used as feeding stream that is submitted to a pyrolysis treatment resulting in a solid gas fraction allowing the recovering of a liquid fuels after a controlled liquid solid separation treatment. There are also provided various other processes for producing liquid fuel from waste hydrocarbon and/or organic material as well as reactors, apparatuses, uses and managing systems thereof.

A method for combined production of renewable paraffinic products is disclosed, wherein the method includes providing a renewable paraffinic feed, and fractionating the renewable paraffinic feed into two fractions. Within the two fractions, a lighter fraction fulfils a specification for an aviation fuel component, and a heavier fraction fulfils a specification for an electrotechnical fluid component.

Provided in one embodiment is a continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene, and passing the waste plastics through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyolefin waste and produce a pyrolyzed effluent. The pyrolyzed effluent is separated into offgas, a pyrolysis oil and optionally wax comprising a naphtha/diesel and heavy fraction, and char. The pyrolysis oil and wax is passed to a refinery FCC unit from which a liquid petroleum gas C.sub.3-C.sub.5 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction is recovered. The liquid petroleum gas C.sub.3-C.sub.5 olefin/paraffin mixture fraction is passed to a refinery alkylation unit, with a propane and butane fraction recovered from the alkylation unit. The propane and butane fraction is then passed to a steam cracker for ethylene production. In another embodiment, a naphtha fraction (C.sub.5-C.sub.8) is recovered from the alkylation unit and passed to the steam cracker. In another embodiment, a propane/propylene fraction (C.sub.3-C.sub.3.sup.=) is recovered from the FCC and passed to the steam cracker.

Provided is a continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polyethylene polymerization or for normal alpha olefins. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and/or polypropylene and then passing the waste plastics through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyolefin waste and produce a pyrolyzed effluent. The pyrolyzed effluent is separated into offgas, a naphtha/diesel fraction, a heavy fraction, and char. The naphtha/diesel fraction is passed to a crude unit in a refinery from which is recovered a straight run naphtha fraction (C.sub.5-C.sub.8) or a propane/butane (C.sub.3-C.sub.4) fraction. The straight run naphtha fraction, or propane and butane (C.sub.3-C.sub.4) fraction, is passed to a steam cracker for ethylene production. The ethylene is converted to normal alpha olefin and/or polyethylene. Also, a heavy fraction from the pyrolysis reactor can be combined with a heavy fraction of normal alpha olefin stream recovered from the steam cracker. The combined heavy fraction and heavy fraction of normal alpha olefin stream can be passed to a wax hydrogenation zone to produce wax.

A continuous process for converting waste plastic into recycle for polypropylene polymerization is provided. The process integrates refinery operations to provide an effective and efficient recycle process. The process comprises selecting waste plastics containing polyethylene and polypropylene and then passing the waste plastics through a pyrolysis reactor to thermally crack at least a portion of the polyolefin waste and produce a pyrolyzed effluent. The pyrolyzed effluent is separated into offgas, a naphtha/diesel fraction, a heavy fraction, and char. The naphtha/diesel fraction is passed to a refinery FCC unit, from which is recovered a liquid petroleum gas C.sub.3 olefin/paraffin mixture. The C.sub.3 paraffins and C.sub.3 olefins are separated into different fractions with a propane/propylene splitter. The C.sub.3 olefin fraction is passed to a propylene polymerization reactor. The C.sub.3 paraffin fraction is optionally passed to a dehydrogenation unit to produce additional propylene and then the resulting C.sub.3 olefin is passed to a propylene polymerization reactor. The heavy fraction of pyrolyzed oil is passed to an isomerization dewaxing unit to produce a lubricating base oil.

A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises a doped support impregnated with at lease one hydrogenation metal component and filled with an organic additive blend. The catalyst is made by providing a doped support particle followed by impregnating the doped support particle with a metal impregnation solution to provide a metal-impregnated doped support particle. The metal-impregnated doped support particle is dried but not calcined and impregnated with an organic additive blend component.

The present invention relates to a process for producing olefins from a hydrocarbon feedstock 11 having a sulfur content of at least 0.1 weight %, an initial boiling point of at least 180° C. and a final boiling point of at least 600° C.

Described are a process and a system for hydrotreating a deoiled asphalt. The process includes: (2) introducing a deoiled asphalt and an aromatics-containing stream into a first reaction unit for hydrogenation reaction, wherein the first reaction unit comprises a mineral-rich precursor material and/or a hydrogenation catalyst, and the first reaction unit is a fixed bed hydrogenation unit; (21) fractionating the liquid-phase product from the first reaction unit to provide a first light component and a first heavy component; (31) introducing the first light component into a second reaction unit for reaction, to provide a gasoline component, a diesel component and/or a BTX feedstock component; and (32) introducing the first heavy component to a delayed coking unit for reaction; or using the first heavy component as a low sulfur ship fuel oil component.