Disclosed is an absorbent containing an amine for absorption of an acid gas in a biogas, and a biogas purification system using the same.

Disclosed are methods of producing calcined coke from bio-oil from a biomass feedstock. Also disclosed are calcined cokes produced by such methods.

Methods and systems for producing carbon-negative hydrogen and renewable natural gas from biomass are included herein. In an embodiment, the method may include gasifying biomass in a gasification unit to form a first stream comprising syngas. The syngas may include methane, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, ethylene, and water. The method may also include reacting the carbon monoxide with water in the presence of a catalyst to form a second stream. The second stream may include a greater hydrogen concentration than the first stream. The method may further include separating at least a portion of the second stream to form a hydrogen stream and a natural gas stream. The hydrogen stream may have a greater concentration of hydrogen than the second stream. The natural gas stream may have a greater concentration of methane than the second stream.

A fuel composition for a spark-ignition internal combustion engine comprises naphtha in an amount of at least 5% by volume, and an octane-boosting additive having the formula: (I) The well-to-wheel greenhouse gas emissions associated with the fuel composition are significantly lower than those associated with a conventional gasoline fuel of comparable performance.

The invention relates to a strain of fungus having a reduced viscosity, wherein the ID 78713 (GEL3) gene has been invalidated. The invention also relates to the different uses of this strain, as well as to the method of genetic modification.

A gasoline fuel composition for a spark ignition internal combustion engine comprising (a) gasoline blending components, (b) renewable naphtha at a level of 10 to 30% v/v and (c) oxygenated hydrocarbon at a level of 20% v/v or less, wherein the gasoline blending components comprise (a) 0-30% v/v alkylate, (b) from 0 to 15% v/v isomerate; (c) 0 to 20% v/v catalytic cracked tops naphtha; and (d) 20% to 40% v/v of heavy reformate, wherein the total amount of alkylate, isomerate, catalytic cracked tops naphtha and heavy reformate is at least 50% v/v based on the total fuel composition, and wherein the gasoline fuel composition meets the EN228 specification. While the low octane number of renewable naphtha would normally severely restrict its blendability in gasoline to low levels, it has now been found that renewable naphtha can be included in, for example, ethanol-containing gasoline fuel compositions, in surprisingly and significantly high blend ratios of renewable naphtha to ethanol.

A method of producing fuel that includes providing a feed comprising natural gas, a portion of which is renewable natural gas, to a steam methane reformer in a hydrogen production unit. The feed includes a first portion that is converted to syngas and a second portion that passes through the steam methane reformer unconverted. The unconverted feed is directed to one or more burners of the steam methane reformer as fuel. The renewable natural gas is apportioned such that the first portion of the feed, which is feedstock, has a larger renewable fraction than the second portion, which is fuel. Apportioning a higher renewable fraction to the portion of the feed that is converted increases the yield of renewable content.

A novel octane enhanced intermediate hydrocarbon composition having a high bio-component content in the composition through the use of a renewable first gasoline component is herein disclosed. The intermediate hydrocarbon composition includes a renewable first gasoline component in an amount of from 5 to 50%-vol of the total intermediate hydrocarbon composition volume and the rest consisting of a second gasoline component, wherein the second hydrocarbon gasoline component includes unsaturated hydrocarbons from 50 to 90%-vol of the second gasoline component volume.

An engineered yeast strain capable of efficient fermentation of xylose to ethanol, and methods of making and using the strain, are provided

Some variations provide a process for producing biocarbon pellets, comprising: pyrolyzing a biomass-containing feedstock in a first pyrolysis reactor to generate a first biogenic reagent and a pyrolysis vapor; introducing the pyrolysis vapor to a separation unit, to generate a pyrolysis precipitate in liquid or solid form; contacting the first biogenic reagent with the pyrolysis precipitate, thereby generating an intermediate material; pelletizing the intermediate material, to generate intermediate pellets; optionally, drying the intermediate pellets; separately pyrolyzing the intermediate pellets in a second pyrolysis reactor to generate a second biogenic reagent and a pyrolysis off-gas; and recovering the second biogenic reagent as biocarbon pellets. Some variations provide a similar process that utilizes a carbon-containing condensed-matter material, which is not necessarily a pyrolysis precipitate. The disclosure provides improved processes for producing biocarbon compositions, especially with respect to carbon yield and biocarbon properties, such as reactivity.