A lubricant composition said composition comprising at least one base oil and from 1 to 70 wt % of at least one friction modifying additive, wherein the composition is such that the viscosity reversibly reduces at a pressure from 50 MPa to 3 GPa. A mechanical system comprising the lubricant composition; use of the lubricant composition and methods of reducing friction using the lubricant composition are also disclosed.

A drag reducing composition comprises a sealed temporary container; and a drag reducing agent and up to 20 weight percent of a dispersing fluid disposed in the sealed temporary container. The drag reducing agent comprises polyolefin particles having a particle size of about 10 to about 2,000 microns; and the dispersing fluid comprising water, an alcohol, a hydrocarbon, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing.

A drag reducing agent has a core comprising a polyolefin; and a temporary container encapsulating the core. The temporary container contains a container material, which includes an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, a polyvinylpyrrolidone, an ethylene vinylpyrrolidone copolymer, a vinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate copolymer, a polyvinyl acetate, a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyethylene oxide, a polyethylene glycol, polyvinylidene chloride, a polysaccharide or its derivative, or a combination comprising at least one of the foregoing. A largest dimension of the drag reducing agent is greater than about 1,000 microns.

Provided herein is a composition for improving performance of waxless skis, in particular skin skis, more particularly of skin strips, on snow, the composition comprising (a) C.sub.1-6-alcohol(s); and (b) lubricant(s) selected from a group consisting of (c) perfluoropolyethers, (d) polydi(C.sub.1-3-alkyl)siloxanes, and mixtures thereof.

In some embodiments, a compound has the formula (I) where: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are H or alkyl (formula II); R.sub.6 is alkyl or where: R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are H, alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R.sub.9 is H or alkyl; X is alkylene or is absent; and p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and m and n are 0, 1, 2 or 3 provided that m is 0 when R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are H. The compound is suitable for use as a base stock which provides low volatility for a given viscosity profile. The compound may be used in a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine.

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The invention relates to industrial gear oil compositions that have been specially designed to have improved storage stability and/or paint compatibility and/or seal compatibility. This improvement is achieved while maintaining good performance in other areas. These improvements are particularly relevant to synthetic lubricants, such as those made with polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oils. This balance of properties has been difficult to achieve in synthetic compositions where problems in the areas of storage stability, paint compatibility and/or seal compatibility of become more pronounced. The invention also relates to processes of making such compositions and methods of using the same.

In some embodiments, a compound has the formula (I) where: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are H or alkyl (formula II); R.sub.6 is alkyl or where: R.sub.7 and R.sub.8 are H, alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R.sub.9 is H or alkyl; X is alkylene or is absent; and p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and m and n are 0, 1, 2 or 3 provided that m is 0 when R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are H. The compound is suitable for use as a base stock which provides low volatility for a given viscosity profile. The compound may be used in a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine. ##STR00001##

A base oil includes an ester compound obtained by reacting a fatty acid component and a monohydric alcohol component. The fatty acid component includes a C.sub.4-C.sub.28 fatty acid. The monohydric alcohol component includes at least one C.sub.4-C.sub.22 straight chain monohydric alcohol and at least one C.sub.4-C.sub.22 branched chain monohydric alcohol. A lubricant oil composition including the base oil is also disclosed.

A dual-use coolant includes a fluid. The fluid has the chemical formula of a tertiary alcohol with a R.sub.1, a R.sub.2, and a R.sub.3 group having the following formula (I). The coolant may also be used as a base fluid for a lubricant. The use of a single fluid for both lubrication and cooling may decrease the complexity, weight, and manufacturing costs of the associated system.

This disclosure provides a process for producing vinylidene dimer derivatives by subjecting one or more vinylidene dimers and one or more carbonyl-containing compounds to a carbonyl-ene reaction, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, to produce one or more vinylidene dimer derived alcohols. This disclosure also provides a process for producing vinylidene dimer derivatives by reacting one or more vinylidene dimers with one or more carbonyl-containing compounds, optionally in the presence of a catalyst, to produce one or more vinylidene dimer derived alcohols. This disclosure further provides vinylidene dimer derivatives (e.g., vinylidene dimer derived alcohols and esters) produced by these processes. This disclosure still further provides for hydrogenating/reacting the vinylidene dimer derived alcohols with acids or anhydrides to produce vinylidene dimer derived esters. This disclosure yet further relates to lubricating ester oil base stocks, and lubricating oils containing the lubricating ester oil base stocks.