To provide a composition for a heat cycle system having favorable lubricating properties and comprising a working fluid for heat cycle which has a low global warming potential and which can replace R410A and a heat cycle system employing the composition. A composition for a heat cycle system comprising a working fluid for heat cycle containing trifluoroethylene, and a refrigerant oil (for example, an ester refrigerant oil, an ether refrigerant oil, a polyglycol refrigerant oil or a hydrocarbon refrigerant oil), and a heat cycle system employing the composition for a heat cycle system.

Sustainable lubricant compositions made from recycled thermoplastic polyesters and other reclaimed or biorenewable reactants and a method of formulating them are disclosed. The lubricant compositions comprise a polyester base oil, which incorporates recurring units from a digested thermoplastic polyester, a low-molecular-weight polyol, and C.sub.8-C.sub.24 fatty acid. The base oil has a number-average molecular weight within the range of 300 to 5000 g/mol, a hydroxyl value less than 50 mg KOH/g, and a viscosity at 40 C. less than 5000 cSt. Some of the lubricant compositions comprise the polyester base oil and one or more additives including anti-wear agents, corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants, thickeners, detergents, and the like. The lubricants have properties that rival those of commercial products made from nonrenewable hydrocarbon blends or polyol esters and are useful for many practical applications such as internal combustion engine oils, gear lubrication oils, hydraulic oils, compressor oils, metal working fluids, and lubricating greases.

A manufacturing method of a lubricant composition includes mixing a composite ester A that contains polyester obtained by condensing trihydric or more polyhydric alcohol a1, a divalent or more polyvalent carboxylic acid a2, and at least one selected from monohydric alcohol a3 or a monovalent carboxylic acid a4, with a compound B having a hydroxyl number of greater than 50 mgKOH/g. A lubricant composition contains the composite ester A and the compound B.

A lubricant base oil composed of an ester. The ester includes a component (A) derived from trimethylolpropane in a molar percentage A.sub.mol% of 25 to 42 mol %; components (B) derived from monovalent straight-chain saturated fatty acids each having a carbon number of 8 to 12 in a molar percentage B.sub.mol% of 33 to 55 mol %: and a component (C) derived from adipic acid in a molar ratio C.sub.mol% of 12 to 34 mol %. The components (B) include lauric acid in a molar percentage of 5 to 50 mol %, and (B.sub.COOH+C.sub.COOH)/A.sub.OH is 0.90 to 1.02. A.sub.OH represents a hydroxyl equivalent of the component (A), B.sub.COOH represents a carboxyl group equivalent of the components (B); and C.sub.COOH represents a carboxyl group equivalent of the component (C).

The present invention provides a refrigerating machine oil including a lubricating base oil and a compound represented by the following formula (A):

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.a and R.sup.b each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group, R.sup.c represents a divalent hydrocarbon group, X represents a polar group, and Z.sup.a and Z.sup.b each independently represent oxygen atom or sulfur atom.

Levulinic-capped estolides having improved physical properties that make them more desirable and suitable as bio-based industrial or commercial products are disclosed. The physical properties of the disclosed estolide compositions have surprisingly low pour points that are substantially lower than previously known estolide compounds and superior to petroleum-based compounds designed for similar applications.

Provided herein are compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: ##STR00001##
in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R.sub.1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R.sub.2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are uses of the compositions described herein.

A lubricant for a gun or other metal devices, including a composition and method of treating a gun to maintain optimum operative condition. The lubricant serves many purposes, beyond simply allowing parts to move with less resistance. In addition to reducing friction between moving parts of the gun, the gun oil of the present disclosure disperses to coat the metal parts of the gun thoroughly and evenly, remains moist for an extended period of time, and when dry, forms a thick layer that protects the metal components of the gun from wear and rust. The lubricant includes a 4-cycle synthetic motor oil, an oil stabilizer, and a 2-cycle motor oil.

Provided are microalgal compositions and methods for their use. The microalgal compositions include lubricants that find use in industrial and other applications.

The invention refers to use of lubricant compositions comprising a specific diester and additives to reduce the fuel consumption of an engine.