Disclosed is a fluoropolyether compound comprising a C.sub.4-10 aliphatic hydrocarbon chain present in the middle of the fluoropolyether compound and at least two perfluoropolyethers.

The invention relates to liquid dispersion containing surface treated inorganic particle selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, AlN, Si.sub.3N.sub.4, SiC, WS.sub.2 and mixtures thereof and at least one liquid fluorinated compound, manufacturing process thereof, and use of such dispersion for increasing thermal conductivity of oil lubricants or heat transfer fluids.

The present invention relates to a composition for cooling a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising: (i) at least one base oil, or at least one hydrocarbon-based fluid with a boiling point of greater than or equal to 50° C.; and (ii) at least one fire retardant corresponding to formula (I)
R.sub.F-L-R.sub.H  (I) in which R.sub.F is a perfluorinated or partially fluorinated group, R.sub.H is a hydrocarbon-based group, and L is a linker, said fire retardant of formula (I) being at least partially in an encapsulated form. The invention also relates to the use of at least one fire retardant of formula (I) which is at least partially in an encapsulated form in a composition for cooling a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, including at least one battery, to give it ignition-resistance properties. Finally, the invention relates to a process for cooling and fire-protecting a battery of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising at least one step of placing at least one battery, in particular a lithium-ion or nickel-cadmium battery, in contact with a composition according to the invention.

This fluorine-containing ether compound is a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by formula (1).

R.sup.1—X—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4  (1)

(In formula (1), R.sup.1 is an alkenyloxy group of 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkynyloxy group of 3 to 8 carbon atoms. R.sup.2 is represented by formula (2) shown below. In formula (2), a represents an integer of 1 to 3. X is represented by formula (3) shown below. In formula (3), b represents an integer of 1 to 5, Y is a divalent linking group that is bonded to a carbon atom in formula (2), and R represents an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or H. R.sup.3 represents a perfluoropolyether chain. R.sup.4 represents a terminal group containing two or three polar groups, wherein each polar group is bonded to a different carbon atom, and the carbon atoms to which the polar groups are bonded are bonded to each other via a linking group containing a carbon atom to which a polar group is not bonded.)

##STR00001##

What is provided is a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula. R.sup.1—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2O—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4 (In the formula, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are perfluoropolyether chains, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.4 are terminal groups having two or three polar groups, in which individual polar groups are bound to different carbon atoms and the carbon atoms to which the polar groups are bound are bound to each other via a linking group having a carbon atom to which the polar groups are not bound).

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1) is provided,
R.sup.1—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4  (1)
(In Formula (1), R.sup.1 is an alkyl group that may have a substituent, R.sup.2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R.sup.1 via an ethereal oxygen, R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, and R.sup.4 is an end group which is different from R.sup.1-R.sup.2 and includes two or three polar groups, in which each of the polar groups is bonded to a different carbon atom, and the carbon atoms bonded to the polar groups are bonded to each other via a linking group containing a carbon atom not bonded to the polar groups.).

To provide a lubricant solution capable of forming a uniform coating film by using a solvent composition which has a small impact on the global environment and which is excellent in solubility of the fluorinated ether compound, and a method for producing a substrate provided with a lubricant coating film.

A lubricant solution comprising a solvent composition which comprises a HCFO and at least one member selected from the group consisting of 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecafluorohexane, 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-tridecafluorooctane, nonafluorobutyl methyl ether, nonafluorobutyl ethyl ether and 3-methoxy-4-trifluoromethyl-1,1,1,2,2,3,4,5,5,5-decafluoropentane, and a fluorinated ether compound which is a fluorinated ether compound having a perfluoropolyether chain and CF.sub.3 groups at both terminals, wherein the perfluoropolyether chain does not have a branched structure.

The present invention relates to a composition for cooling a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle including at least one battery, comprising: (i) at least one base oil or at least one hydrocarbon-based fluid with a boiling point of greater than or equal to 50° C.; (ii) at least one fire retardant corresponding to formula (I)
R.sub.F-L-R.sub.H  (I) in which R.sub.F is a perfluorinated or partially fluorinated group, R.sub.H is a hydrocarbon-based group, and L is a linker; and (iii) at least one fluoro compound with a boiling point of between 50 and 250° C. The invention also relates to the use of at least one fluoro compound with a boiling point of between 50° C. and 250° C. for promoting the contact between a fire retardant corresponding to formula (I) and an element of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, when thermal runaway is observed, said fire retardant of formula (I) being formulated in a base oil, or a hydrocarbon-based fluid with a boiling point of greater than or equal to 50° C. Finally, the invention relates to a process for cooling and fire-protecting at least one battery of a propulsion system of an electric or hybrid vehicle, comprising at least one step of placing at least one battery in contact with a composition according to the invention.

A fluorine-containing ether compound represented by a formula (1) shown below.
R.sup.4—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.1—CH.sub.2—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.5  (1) In formula (1), R.sup.1 and R.sup.3 represent the same or different perfluoropolyether chains, R.sup.2 represents a linking group containing at least one polar group, one or both of R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 represent a terminal group containing two or more polar groups, and R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are different.

The present invention relates to a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by Formula (1),
R.sup.1—R.sup.2—CH.sub.2—R.sup.3—CH.sub.2—R.sup.4  (1).
(In Formula (1), R.sup.1 is an end group including an organic group having at least one double bond or triple bond, R.sup.2 is a divalent linking group bonded to R.sup.1 by etheric oxygen, R.sup.3 is a perfluoropolyether chain, R.sup.4 is an end group having two or three polar groups with each polar group being bonded to different carbon atoms, and the carbon atoms, to which the polar groups are bonded, being bonded to each other via a linking group including carbon atoms to which the polar groups are not bonded.)