The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The invention provides a platform and methods of using the platform for the regulation of the expression of a target gene using exposure to an aptamer ligand (for example, a small molecule). The platform features a polynucleotide gene regulation cassette that is placed in the target gene and includes a synthetic riboswitch positioned in the context of a 5′ intron-alternative exon-3′ intron. The riboswitch comprises an effector region and a sensor region (e.g., an aptamer that binds a small molecule ligand) such that the alternative exon is spliced into the target gene mRNA when the ligand is not present thereby preventing expression of the target gene. When the ligand is present, the alternative exon is not spliced into the target gene mRNA thereby providing expression of the target gene.

The present invention relates to the combination of a Dbait molecule with a KRAS inhibitor for treating cancer.

The present invention relates to a method for treating ocular disease in a subject in need thereof comprising a step of administering to said subject a therapeutically amount of an inhibitor of SOX21 gene expression and/or activity. By studying a mouse model of congenital microcoria, the inventors demonstrate that this ultra-rare and purely ocular disease is due to unanticipated complex mechanisms linked with 3D regulation of gene expression. They propose that the disease is due to the illegitimate expression of a transcription factor, SOX21, induced by the adoption of a DCT enhancer(s). They show that SOX21 binds to a regulatory region of the Tgfβ2 gene and the inventors demonstrate overexpression of this trophic factor in the iris and accumulation of its product in the aqueous humor of the mouse carrying the minimal MCOR deletion which recapitulates the observed accumulation in patients with POAG and one of our patient with MCOR.

The present invention relates to a method for treating ocular disease in a subject in need thereof comprising a step of administering to said subject a therapeutically amount of an inhibitor of SOX21 gene expression and/or activity. By studying a mouse model of congenital microcoria, the inventors demonstrate that this ultra-rare and purely ocular disease is due to unanticipated complex mechanisms linked with 3D regulation of gene expression. They propose that the disease is due to the illegitimate expression of a transcription factor, SOX21, induced by the adoption of a DCT enhancer(s). They show that SOX21 binds to a regulatory region of the Tgfβ2 gene and the inventors demonstrate overexpression of this trophic factor in the iris and accumulation of its product in the aqueous humor of the mouse carrying the minimal MCOR deletion which recapitulates the observed accumulation in patients with POAG and one of our patient with MCOR.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.

The present invention provides an aptamer that binds to IL-21, an aptamer that binds to IL-21 and inhibits the binding of IL-21 and a receptor thereof, and an aptamer that binds to IL-21 and contains a nucleotide sequence represented by the formula (1): CGRYKACY wherein R is A or G, Y is C or U, and K is G or U.

The present invention provides an aptamer that binds to IL-21, an aptamer that binds to IL-21 and inhibits the binding of IL-21 and a receptor thereof, and an aptamer that binds to IL-21 and contains a nucleotide sequence represented by the formula (1): CGRYKACY wherein R is A or G, Y is C or U, and K is G or U.