A recombinant baculovirus expression vector or cell comprising an engineered baculovirus fp25k gene with one to three modified or mutated spots, the modified spots comprise the two 7-adenine mononucleotide repeats (MNR) and the 10.sup.th TTAA site. The invention also provides the method of making the vector and baculovirus.

The present invention may be included in the field of biotechnology and it covers the improved production of recombinant proteins in insect cells or insect larvae as biofactories by a novel expression cassette. This expression cassette comprises nucleic acid sequences such as promoters, homologous regions (hr) as enhancers, and sequences encoding transcriptional regulators, for example, the baculovirus Ac-ie-01 cDNA, or any combination thereof, which are able to increase the quality and production efficiency of the recombinant proteins. Moreover, the present invention is also directed to the vectors themselves comprising the above mentioned nucleic acid sequences of the invention, cells or insects infected, transformed or transfected with those sequences or vectors, and methods for producing the recombinant proteins by using the aforesaid sequences, vectors, cells or insects.

A recombinant baculovirus having a) a nucleotide sequence encoding a fusion protein, wherein said fusion protein includes an antigen fused to a baculovirus capsid peptide operatively linked to a first promoter and b) a nucleotide sequence encoding a lipid viral envelope protein bound to a second promoter.

An expression cassette containing overlapping open reading frames and an application thereof are provided. The overlapping open reading frames are overlapping open reading frames of a first ORF and a second ORF and include in sequence from a 5 end to a 3 end: a first promoter at least used to drive gene transcription of the first ORF; a 5 part of a gene of the first ORF; an intron; and a 3 part of a gene of the second ORF, the intron including a second promoter used only to drive gene transcription of the second ORF. By arranging two promoters in a single expression cassette in the disclosure, the two promoters are used to drive the expression of proteins of the overlapping reading frames and regulate the relative expression time and expression intensity of different proteins.

The present invention provides novel pseudotyped retroviral vectors that can transduce human and other cells. Vectors are provided that are packaged efficiently in packaging cells and cell lines to generate high titer recombinant virus stocks expressing novel envelope glycoproteins. The present invention further relates to compositions for gene therapy.

The present invention provides processes for producing and characterizing adenoassociated virus particles and baculovirus particles. The present invention is directed to methods of improving adeno associated virus (AAV) production. The present invention addresses the problems associated with the production of rAAV using baculovirus infected Sf9 cells and achieves an improved method for producing rAAV. The present invention developed different methods for producing recombinant baculovirus (rBV) and recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAA V). These methods address issues such as genome instability and also result in improved production of rAA V, as well as produce rAA V with improved properties.

Disclosed are recombinant virions that have a modified capsid protein or a variant thereof of erythroparvovirus and a nucleic acid that includes a heterologous nucleic acid.

An expression cassette containing overlapping open reading frames and an application thereof are provided. The overlapping open reading frames are overlapping open reading frames of a first ORF and a second ORF and include in sequence from a 5 end to a 3 end: a first promoter at least used to drive gene transcription of the first ORF; a 5 part of a gene of the first ORF; an intron; and a 3 part of a gene of the second ORF, the intron including a second promoter used only to drive gene transcription of the second ORF. By arranging two promoters in a single expression cassette in the disclosure, the two promoters are used to drive the expression of proteins of the overlapping reading frames and regulate the relative expression time and expression intensity of different proteins.

A method for preparing protein-based nanoparticle for self-packaging and delivering mRNA includes the following steps. A first donor plasmid, a second donor plasmid and a third donor plasmid are provided. A plasmid transposing step is performed. A recombinant virus preparing step is performed so as to obtain a first recombinant baculovirus, a second recombinant baculovirus and a third recombinant baculovirus. A transducing step is performed, wherein the first recombinant baculovirus, the second recombinant baculovirus and the third recombinant baculovirus are used to infect a producer cell so as to express a nucleocapsid protein, an envelope protein, an engineered envelope protein and a target RNA, and the nucleocapsid protein, the envelope protein, the engineered envelope protein and the target RNA are self-assembled to form a protein-based nanoparticle for self-packaging and delivering mRNA.

Provided herein are recombinant viruses and/or insect cells suitable for detecting the infection of a pathogen in a biological sample of a test subject. The information derived from the detection may also be used to render a diagnosis on whether the test subject is infected with the pathogen or not, so that proper course of treatment may be assigned to the subject. Also provided herein is a vaccine for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of infection caused by the pathogen.