Herein a Bacillus exosporium antigen delivery (BEAD) system that provides a means to introduce recombinant proteins or small molecules into the exosporium of members of the B. cereus family of bacteria, i.e. B. anthracis, B. cereus, and B. thuringiensis, is disclosed. The system results in the surface display of recombinant proteins or small molecules such that they can stimulate an immune response. In addition, methods of making and using the system are described.

The antimicrobial effect of extracellular metabolite composition from Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 is described.

The antimicrobial effect of extracellular metabolite composition from Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 and composition comprising from about 61% w/w of thymol, about 38% of monolaurin and about 1% w/w of magnolol obtained from supercritical fluid extracts of Magnolia officinalis is described.

Process of inhibiting microbial biofilm formation using extracellular metabolite composition from Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 and composition comprising from about 61% w/w of thymol, about 38% w/w of monolaurin and about 1% w/w of magnolol obtained from supercritical fluid extracts of Magnolia officinalis is described.

Method of extracting a partially purified extracellular metabolite composition from Bacillus coagulans MTCC 5856 and its antimicrobial effects thereof are described.

A preparation method of a rice straw biochar loaded with Bacillus cereus, comprising: (1) washing, drying, grinding and sieving rice straws; (2) performing anaerobic pyrolysis treatment on the rice straws treated in the step (1) at 300-700 C. to obtain a biochar; (3) treating the biochar obtained in the step (2) with hydrochloric acid, then washing until a washing solution is neutral, drying, grinding, sieving and sterilizing to obtain a sterilized biochar; and (4) performing mixed culture on the sterilized biochar and a solution of Bacillus cereus subjected to activation culture, and then centrifuging after the end of culture to remove supernatant, so as to obtain a rice straw biochar loaded with Bacillus cereus having a carbon immobilizing capability.

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are directed towards the carrier-based agricultural biofertilizer composition, includes an isolated Bacillus Cereus strain CGAPGPBBS-048 having the deposit accession number KY495213; an agriculturally acceptable liquid formulation including a stabilizer, that may provide stability and support for at least one of the Bacillus species, thereby enhancing the growth and overall health of the plants.

Provided herein are seed treatment formulations that provide improved growth and yield in the plants grown from seeds treated with such formulations, as well as methods of use.