A process is described for increasing the hydrogen content of a synthesis gas mixture comprising hydrogen, carbon oxides and steam, comprising the steps of: passing the synthesis gas mixture at an inlet temperature in the range 170-500° C. over a water-gas shift catalyst to form a hydrogen-enriched shifted gas mixture, wherein the water-gas shift catalyst is in the form of a cylindrical pellet having a length C and diameter D, wherein the surface of the cylindrical pellet has two or more flutes running along its length, said cylinder having no through-holes and domed ends of lengths A and B such that (A+B+C)/D is in the range 0.25 to 0.25, and (A+B)/C is in the range 0.03 to 0.30.

The invention relates to a structured catalyst for catalyzing steam methane reforming reaction in a given temperature range T upon bringing a hydrocarbon feed gas into contact with the structured catalyst. The structured catalyst comprises a macroscopic structure, which comprises an electrically conductive material and supports a ceramic coating. The macroscopic structure has been manufactured by 3D printing or extrusion and subsequent sintering, wherein the macroscopic structure and the ceramic coating have been sintered in an oxidizing atmosphere in order to form chemical bonds between the ceramic coating and the macroscopic structure. The ceramic coating supports catalytically active material arranged to catalyze the steam methane reforming reaction, wherein the macroscopic structure is arranged to conduct an electrical current to supply an energy flux to the steam methane reforming reaction. The invention moreover relates to methods of manufacturing the structured catalyst and a system using the structured catalyst.

A heat integrated steam reformer, which incorporates a catalytic combustor, which can be used in a fuel processor for hydrogen production from a fuel source, is described. The reformer assembly comprises a reforming section and a combustion section, separated by a wall. Catalyst (21) able to induce the reforming reactions is placed in the reforming section, either in the form of pellets or in the form of coating on a suitable structured catalyst substrate such as fecralloy sheets. Catalyst (22) able to induce the combustion reactions is placed in the combustion section in the form of coating on suitable structured catalyst substrate such as fecralloy sheet. A steam and fuel mixture (30) is supplied to the reforming section (14) where it is reformed to produce hydrogen. A fuel and an oxygen (32) containing gas mixture is supplied to the combustion section where it is catalytically combusted to supply the heat for the reformer. The close placement of the combustion and reforming catalysts facilitate efficient heat transfer. Multiple such assemblies can be bundled to form reactors of any size. The reactor made of this closely packed combustion and reforming sections is very compact.

A heat integrated steam reformer, which incorporates a catalytic combustor, which can be used in a fuel processor for hydrogen production from a fuel source, is described. The reformer assembly comprises a reforming section and a combustion section, separated by a wall. Catalyst (21) able to induce the reforming reactions is placed in the reforming section, either in the form of pellets or in the form of coating on a suitable structured catalyst substrate such as fecralloy sheets. Catalyst (22) able to induce the combustion reactions is placed in the combustion section in the form of coating on suitable structured catalyst substrate such as fecralloy sheet. A steam and fuel mixture (30) is supplied to the reforming section (14) where it is reformed to produce hydrogen. A fuel and an oxygen (32) containing gas mixture is supplied to the combustion section where it is catalytically combusted to supply the heat for the reformer. The close placement of the combustion and reforming catalysts facilitate efficient heat transfer. Multiple such assemblies can be bundled to form reactors of any size. The reactor made of this closely packed combustion and reforming sections is very compact.

The present invention relates to a catalytic composition comprising at least 7 different elements selected from the group consisting of the elements defined by the intersection of the second to the sixth period and the first to the sixteenth group of the periodic table of the elements, whereby technetium is excluded, and a matrix component. A method for use of the catalytic composition is also provided.

The present invention relates to a method for forming a three-dimensional article through successively depositing individual layers of powder material that are fused together so as to form the article, the method comprising the step of heating a first portion of a support surface while depositing a layer of powder material on a second portion of the support surface.

The present disclosure provides a combined reformer capable of continuously performing different reforming reactions by sequentially supplying heat from the combustion gas to the two or more catalyst tubes that react at different temperatures. Also, the present disclosure provides a combined reformer capable of enhancing the reforming efficiency with a U-shaped first catalyst tube including a preheating section where the hydrocarbon gas is preheated, flowing parallel to the combustion gas, and a reforming section where the catalytic reforming takes place.

A packing member for use in a packed bed. The packing member includes ceramic material and surface structures on the outer surface of the packing member. The packing member does not include a fluid communication intra-particle channel extending through the packing member from a first aperture on a first side of the packing member to a second aperture on a substantially opposing second side of the packing member. Also described is a supported catalyst, apparatus and a method of production.

In an apparatus, a gas containing CH.sub.4 and CO.sub.2 is supplied from a first supply unit to a synthetic gas production unit which generates a synthetic gas containing CO and H.sub.2 while heating a first catalytic structure; the synthetic gas is supplied to a gas production unit which generates a lower olefin-containing gas including propylene while heating a second catalytic structure; and a detection unit detects propylene discharged from the gas production unit. The first catalytic structure includes first supports having a porous structure and a first metal fine particle that is present in first channels of the first supports. The second catalyst structure includes second supports having a porous structure and a second metal fine particle in the second supports. The second supports have a second channels, a portion of which have an average inner diameter of 0.95 nm or less.

A reactor for the decomposition of hydrocarbons includes: a structural catalyst for the decomposition of hydrocarbons having a structure in which a reaction gas may flow from one end to the other end when installed properly in a reaction chamber; and the heat source that is installed inside or outside the reaction chamber and capable of heating the structural catalyst for the decomposition of hydrocarbons. The structural catalyst for the decomposition of hydrocarbons has a shape encompassing a boundary wall surface or a boundary side that separates the structural catalyst for the decomposition of hydrocarbons from the heat source when viewed from a cross-section vertical to a direction of flowing a reaction gas, as well as the reaction furnace in which the reactor is embedded together with a catalyst module.