A metal/α-MoC.sub.1-x load-type single-atomic dispersion catalyst, a synthesis method therefor, and applications thereof. The catalyst uses α-MoC.sub.1-x as carrier, and has metal that has the mass fraction ranging from 1-100% and that is dispersed on carrier α-MoC.sub.1-x in the single atom form. The catalyst provided in the present application can be adapted to a wide alcohol/water proportion in hydrogen production based on aqueous-phase reforming of alcohols, outstanding hydrogen production performance can be obtained at a variety of proportions, and catalysis performance of the catalyst is much higher than that of metal loaded with an oxide carrier. Especially when the metal is Pt, catalysis performance of the catalyst provided in the present application in the hydrogen production based on aqueous-phase reforming of alcohols is much higher than that of a Pt/α-MoC.sub.1-x load-type catalyst on the α-MoC.sub.1-x carrier on which Pt is disposed on a layer form in the prior art. The hydrogen production performance of the catalyst provided in the present application can be higher than 20,000 h.sup.−1 at the temperature of 190° C.

Disclosed herein is an integrated small and medium-sized natural gas steam reforming reactor comprising a furnace body, a combustion module located outside the furnace body, and a conversion reaction module, a steam generation and superheating module, a medium temperature shift module and a desulfurization module arranged inside the furnace body, wherein the combustion module supplies combustion flue gas into an interior of the furnace body, the interior of the furnace body is partitioned into a plurality of flue cavities by a plurality of high-temperature partition plates, and adjacent flue cavities are communicated via gaps between the high-temperature partition plates and an inner wall of the furnace body, thus forming a flue gas channel that zigzags several times; and the flue cavities and the modules arranged therein sequentially form a conversion unit, a steam generation unit, a medium temperature shift unit and a desulfurization unit.

In various aspects, the present disclosure is directed to methods and compositions for the simultaneous production of carbon nanotubes and hydrogen gas from lower hydrocarbon comprises methane, ethane, propane, butane, or a combination thereof utilizing the disclosed catalysts. In various aspects, the disclosure relates to methods for COx-free production of hydrogen with concomitant production of carbon nanotubes. Also disclosed are methods and compostions for selective base grown carbon nanotubes over a disclosed catalyst composition. In a further aspect, the disclosure relates to mono, bimetallic, and trimetallic catalysts comprising a 3d transition metal (e.g., Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, Mo, and combinations thereof) over a support material selected from a silica, an alumina, a zeolite, titatnium dioxide, and combinations thereof. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A catalyst having a core comprising a composite (A) of SiC grains and a protective matrix of one or more metal oxides, such as alumina, in voids between the SiC grains, said core having a density >60% of theoretical density, and a catalytically active layer (C) containing, e.g., Ni adhered to the core. A catalyst support comprising a composite of SiC grains and a protective matrix of one or more metal oxides in voids between the SiC grains is also provided, along with a method of fabricating a catalyst core. The catalyst can be used in Fischer-TRopsch synthesis or in steam methane reforming.

A reformer for steam reforming a hydrocarbon-containing mixture, including a combustion chamber, a burner arranged within the combustion chamber, a first reactor tube which is arranged at least in sections within the combustion chamber, a catalyst arranged inside the first reactor tube, and an electrically heatable heating element is arranged inside the first reactor tube.

A method for ammonia decomposition to produce hydrogen, the method comprising the steps of introducing an ammonia stream to a reactor, wherein the ammonia stream comprises ammonia, wherein the reactor comprises a cobalt-based catalyst, the cobalt-based catalyst comprising 15 wt % and 70 wt % of cobalt, 5 wt % and 45 wt % of cerium, and 0.4 wt % and 0.5 wt % barium, wherein a remainder of weight of the cobalt-based catalyst is oxygen; contacting the ammonia in the ammonia stream with the cobalt-based catalyst, wherein the cobalt-based catalyst is operable to catalyze an ammonia decomposition reaction; catalyzing the ammonia decomposition reaction to cause the ammonia decomposition in the presence of the cobalt-based catalyst to produce hydrogen; and withdrawing a product stream from the reactor, the product stream comprising hydrogen.

This invention describes water-gas shift reaction catalyst materials. More particularly, the present invention describes spinel-comprising catalysts useful in high-temperature water-gas shift reactions, to methods for making such catalysts, and to methods for forming hydrogen with such catalysts.

The catalyst in this present application includes a support and an active component dispersed on/in the support; wherein the support is at least one selected from inorganic oxides and the support contains macropores and mesopores; and the active component includes an active element, and the active element contains an iron group element. As a high temperature stable catalyst for methane reforming with carbon dioxide, the catalyst can be used to produce syngas, realizing the emission reduction and recycling utilization of carbon dioxide. Under atmospheric pressure and at 800° C., the supported metal catalyst with hierarchical pores shows excellent catalytic performance. In addition to high activity and good selectivity, the catalyst has high stability, high resistance to sintering and carbon deposition.

In various aspects, the present disclosure is directed to methods and compositions for the simultaneous production of carbon nanotubes and hydrogen gas from lower hydrocarbon comprises methane, ethane, propane, butane, or a combination thereof utilizing the disclosed catalysts. In various aspects, the disclosure relates to methods for COx-free production of hydrogen with concomitant production of carbon nanotubes. Also disclosed are methods and compostions for selective base grown carbon nanotubes over a disclosed catalyst composition. In a further aspect, the disclosure relates to mono, bimetallic, and trimetallic catalysts comprising a 3d transition metal (e.g., Ni, Fe, Co, Mn, Cr, Mo, and combinations thereof) over a support material selected from a silica, an alumina, a zeolite, titatnium dioxide, and combinations thereof. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

A hexaaluminate-containing catalyst containing a hexaaluminate-containing phase which includes cobalt and at least one further element of La, Ba or Sr. The catalyst contains 2 to 15 mol % Co, 70 to 90 mol % Al, and 2 to 25 mol % of the further element of La, Ba or Sr. In addition to the hexaaluminate-containing phase, the catalyst can include 0 to 50% by weight of an oxidic secondary phase. The process of preparing the catalyst includes contacting an aluminum oxide source with cobalt species and at least with an element from the group of La, Ba and Sr. The molded and dried material is preferably calcined at a temperature greater than or equal to 800° C. In the reforming process for reacting hydrocarbons in the presence of CO.sub.2, the catalyst is used at a process temperature of greater than 700° C., with the process pressure being greater than 5 bar.