A method for preparing a carbon-coated ternary positive electrode material has steps of preparing a ternary positive electrode material precursor, and preparing a suspension of the ternary positive electrode material precursor. Lithium acrylate is added to the suspension of the ternary positive electrode material precursor according to the molar ratio of Li:(Ni+Co+Mn) being 1.03-1.05:1. Ammonium persulphate is added to the lithium acrylate-containing suspension of the ternary positive electrode material precursor, so that the lithium acrylate undergoes a polymerisation reaction and a suspension of a lithium polyacrylate-coated ternary positive electrode material precursor is obtained. The suspension of the lithium polyacrylate-coated ternary positive electrode material precursor is dried to obtain spherical particles. The lithium polyacrylate-coated ternary positive electrode material precursor particles are sintered to obtain a carbon-coated ternary positive electrode material.

Disclosed is a lithium-cobalt based complex oxide represented by Formula 1 below including lithium, cobalt and manganese wherein the lithium-cobalt based complex oxide maintains a crystal structure of a single O3 phase at a state of charge (SOC) of 50% or more based on a theoretical amount:
Li.sub.xCo.sub.1-y-zMn.sub.yA.sub.zO.sub.2(1) wherein 0.95x1.15, 0<y0.3 and 0z0.2; and A is at least one element selected the group consisting of Al, Mg, Ti, Zr, Sr, W, Nb, Mo, Ga, and Ni, wherein the at least one element of A is Mg.

The present invention relates to the new process of preparation of a Li-rich layered oxide based on Mn and optionally on Ni and/or Co in which F is incorporated within the crystal of the oxide (or fluorinated oxide). It also relates to the new fluorinated oxide its use as a component in a cathode of a battery.

Re-lithiation methods and systems are disclosed. Example re-lithiation methods include separating lithium depleted active cathode material from a cathode and introducing lithium containing materials. Also disclosed are re-lithiation electrochemical flow systems utilizing voltage potential to re-lithiate a lithium depleted active cathode material from a reservoir of lithium containing material.

To provide a lithium-containing composite oxide capable of obtaining a lithium ion secondary battery having a large discharge capacity wherein the deterioration of the discharge voltage due to repetition of a charge and discharge cycle is suppressed, a cathode active material, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery and a lithium ion secondary battery. A lithium-containing composite oxide, which is represented by the formula I:
Li.sub.aiNi.sub.bCO.sub.cMn.sub.dM.sub.eO.sub.2Formula I,
wherein M is at least one member selected from the group consisting of Na, Mg, Ti, Zr, Al, W and Mo, a+b+c+d+e=2, 1.1a/(b+c+d+e)1.4, 0.2b/(b+c+d+e)0.5, 0c/(b+c+d+e)0.25, 0.3d/(b+c+d+e)0.6, and 0e/(b+c+d+e)0.1, and wherein the valence of Ni is from 2.15 to 2.45.

The present invention relates to a metal oxide powder, a method of preparing the same, and a lithium secondary battery using the same, which comprises: a metal oxide powder is represented by Formula (1),
Li.sub.x(M.sub.1-m-zA.sub.mD.sub.z)O.sub.tFormula (1) in the above Formula (1), 0.85x1.2, 0m0.01, 0<z0.04, 1.85t2.2, M is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Mn and combinations thereof, A is selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and combinations thereof, D is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Ce, Ge, Sn and combinations thereof, and E is an average oxidation number of A and D, and E>3.5.

A sodium-based electrode active material and a secondary battery comprising the same are provided. The electrode active material is represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and has an orthorhombic crystal system and a space group of Cmcm. [Chemical Formula 1] Na.sub.x[Mn.sub.1-y-zM.sup.1.sub.yM.sup.2.sub.z]O.sub.2-A.sub.. In Chemical Formula 1, x may be 0.5 to 0.8. M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 may be, regardless of each other, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nd, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Pb, Ag, Cd, Al, Ga, In, Sn, or Bi. y may be from 0 to 0.25. z may be from 0 to 0.25. A may be N, O, F, or S, and may be 0 to 0.1.

A positive electrode active material includes a lithium composite oxide and a covering material that covers a surface of the lithium composite oxide. The covering material has an electron conductivity of 10.sup.6 S/m or less. The lithium composite oxide is a multiphase mixture including a first phase having a first crystal structure that belongs to a space group Fm-3m and a second phase having a second crystal structure that belongs to a space group other than a space group Fm-3m. The ratio I.sub.(18-20)/I.sub.(43-46) of a first integrated intensity I.sub.(18-20) of a first maximum peak present at a first diffraction angle 2 of 18 or more and 20 or less to a second integrated intensity I.sub.(43-46) of a second maximum peak present at a second diffraction angle 2 of 43 or more and 46 or less in an XRD pattern of the lithium composite oxide satisfies 0.05I.sub.(18-20)/I.sub.(45-46)0.90.

A positive electrode active material according to the present disclosure includes: a lithium composite oxide which contains Mn and at least one selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, and N, and S. The lithium composite oxide has a crystalline structure which belongs to a layered structure, and a relationship 0.95intensity ratio I.sub.Mn1/I.sub.Mn21.75 is satisfied. The intensity ratio I.sub.Mn1/I.sub.Mn2 is a ratio of an intensity I.sub.Mn1 to an intensity I.sub.Mn2. The intensity I.sub.Mn1 is an intensity of a first proximity peak of the Mn in a radial distribution function of the Mn contained in the lithium composite oxide. The intensity I.sub.Mn2 is an intensity of a second proximity peak of the Mn in the radial distribution function of the Mn contained in the lithium composite oxide.

Disclosed are a precursor for preparation of a lithium composite transition metal oxide, a method for preparing the same and a lithium composite transition metal oxide obtained from the same. More particularly, the transition metal precursor which has a composition represented by Formula 1 below and is prepared in an aqueous transition metal solution, mixed with a transition metal-containing salt, including an alkaline material, the method for preparing the same and the lithium composite transition metal oxide obtained from the same are disclosed.
Mn.sub.aM.sub.b(OH.sub.1-x).sub.2-yA.sub.y(1) wherein M is at least one selected form the group consisting of Ni, Ti, Co, Al, Cu, Fe, Mg, B, Cr, Zr, Zn and Period II transition metals; A is at least one selected form the group consisting of anions of PO.sub.4, BO.sub.3, CO.sub.3, F and NO.sub.3, and 0.5a1.0; 0b0.5; a+b=1; 0<x<1.0; and 0y0.02.