A method for selectively optimizing water chemistry within a wellbore may include positioning a system tubing in the wellbore. The system tubing may include an electrochemical cell, a first chamber, and a second chamber. The method may also include injecting a fluid into the electrochemical cell and directing an electrical current into the electrochemical cell wherein the fluid separates by charge into a first fluid and a second fluid. The method may also include passing the first fluid into the first chamber and the second fluid into the second chamber. Also, the method may include rotating the system tubing, wherein the first fluid flows from the first chamber to the wellbore though a first radial conduit and the second fluid flows from the second chamber to the wellbore through a second radial conduit.

A system for detecting, fluid flow in an electrolytic sanitizer generator. The fluid flow detection system provides for an efficient detection of the flow of water across the electrodes or blades of an electrolysis cell. The fluid flow detection system in one embodiment includes an electronic fluid flow controller operatively coupled to the electrolytic sanitizer generator. In another embodiment the fluid flow detection system includes a light fluid flow detection system operatively coupled to the electrolytic sanitizer generator. In yet another embodiment, the fluid flow detection system includes both an electronic fluid flow controller and a light fluid flow detection system operatively coupled to the electrolytic sanitizer generator to provide redundancy to the flow detection system.

A water treatment apparatus, upper surfaces of two of the consecutively arranged ground electrodes are alternately inclined in opposite directions with respect to a horizontal plane, a gap is formed between a lower surface of an upper side ground electrode and an upper surface of a lower side ground electrode, a voltage is applied to a discharge electrode provided in the gap, thereby forming discharges both in air between the discharge electrode and the lower surface of the upper side ground electrode and in air between the discharge electrode and the upper surface of the lower side ground electrode, and water to be treated is caused to continuously flow downward from the ground electrode of an uppermost part to the ground electrode of a lowermost part along the respective upper surfaces such that the water to be treated is treated.

A deionization battery cell including a first electrode compartment containing a first intercalation host electrode and includes a first water stream compartment in fluid communication with the first electrode compartment. The deionization battery cell further includes a second electrode compartment containing a second intercalation host electrode and a second water stream compartment in fluid communication with the second electrode compartment. The deionization battery cell also includes an ion exchange membrane assembly including a plurality of anion exchange membranes separated from each other, and from one or more cation exchange membranes positioned between the anion exchange membranes, by a plurality of intervening water stream compartments. The first and second water stream compartments are separated from one another by the ion exchange membrane assembly.

An electrochemical oxidation reactor includes rotatable electrodes inside a reactor vessel. The electrodes treat liquid within the reactor and are mounted to support plates, which in turn are mounted on each of two independently-driven shafts. The plates are attached to each other in a spaced relationship so that a gap is formed therebetween. The gap is sized to receive liquid to be treated so that liquid located within the gap will react with the electrodes. The shafts are rotatable at equal or different relative rotational speeds and directions. Additionally, each shaft may be independently linearly displaced in an oscillatory movement at equal or different frequencies. The relative shaft rotation, direction and axial vibration translate similar movements to the electrodes and such movement generates turbulence to the liquid located within the gap. The turbulence increases the interaction between liquid and the electrodes.

A flow-electrode cartridge unit and a submerged flow-electrode capacitive deionization device using the same are proposed. The flow-electrode cartridge unit includes a pair of porous current collector plates arranged to face each other in a spaced apart state from each other in a first direction, a pair of ion separation membranes positioned on respective outer surfaces of the porous current collector plates in the first direction, a channel frame for wrapping around the pair of porous current collector plates and the pair of ion separation membranes to expose each of the ion separation membranes in the first direction, thereby forming a flow electrode channel between the pair of porous current collector plates, a pair of communication holes formed in the channel frame and communicating the flow electrode channel to an outside, and an electrode terminal formed in the channel frame and electrically connected to the porous current collector plates.

The present invention concerns a method for reducing the amount of polluting and/or valuable elements through application of electrolysis, in particular of the electrocapturing phenomenon. The electrolysis according to the present invention is applied permanently over time in a polluted water body. The predetermined action area (115bis, 115ter) preferably has a smaller extension than the water body. The at least one phenomenon (125bis, 125ter) is preferably powered electrically through production of electrical energy in loco through at least one renewable energy source (140). The method is suitable for purifying large expanses of water, like seas, lakes, lagoons and rivers, through plants operating permanently, however this does not rule out other applications.

The invention is an electrolysis apparatus for water sterilization and pipe cleaning, and comprises: a pipe 100 having a forward flowing portion 110, a backward flowing portion 120; an electrolyzing chamber 200 positioned between the forward flowing portion 110 and the backward flowing portion 120 of the pipe 100 with an electrolyte inlet 210 and an outlet 220 communicating with the forward flowing portion 110 or the backward flowing portion 120 to let the products generated from the electrolysis reaction exhaust into the forward flowing portion 110 or the backward flowing portion 120; and +, − electrodes 300 installed in the electrolyzing chamber 200.

The present disclosure discloses a novel membrane-less water electrolysis method for obviously increasing electrolysis efficiency. The method focuses on enabling more impurities in water to be electrolyzed to produce many electrons and conductive ions, and creating good conditions to increase water electrolysis efficiency. A spacing of a gap reserved between a positive electrode and a negative electrode is designed according to a reasonable minimization principle, and the gap is less than 5 mm and more than 0 mm, thereby benefiting enhancement of electrolysis between the impurities and the water molecules in the water; and in a water electrolysis process, the water can smoothly flow in the gap between the positive and the negative electrodes, and a probability and quantities of the impurities and the water molecules electrolyzed by the positive and the negative electrodes are increased, thereby increasing the electrolysis efficiency of the water.

Provided are electrodialysis systems for removing silica from a desalinated water stream and methods for removing silica from a desalinated water stream. For example, described are bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices for removing silica from water comprising one or more anion exchange membranes; one or more bipolar membranes; and a pair of electrodes comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Also described are electrodialysis systems comprising: one or more electrodialysis devices for the removal of dissolved ions and one or more bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices, wherein a product inlet stream of the one or more bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices comprises the product outlet stream of the one or more electrodialysis devices.