The disclosure relates to a touch panel. The touch panel includes a substrate having a surface, a metal nanowire film, at least one electrode, and a conductive trace. The metal nanowire film includes a metal nanowire film. The metal nanowire film includes a number of first metal nanowire bundles parallel with and spaced from each other. Each of the number of first metal nanowire bundles includes a number of first metal nanowires parallel with each other. The first distance between adjacent two of the number of first metal nanowires is less than the second distance between adjacent two of the number of first metal nanowire bundles.

A synthetic quartz glass substrate having front and back surfaces is worked by lapping, etching, mirror polishing, and cleaning steps for thereby polishing the front surface of the substrate to a mirror-like surface. The etching step is carried out using a hydrofluoric acid solution at pH 4-7.

In an aspect, a chromatic facade unit for being attached to a wall (1A) of a building (1) is disclosed that can form a facade (3) of the wall (1A). The chromatic facade unit (11) comprises a support structure (15), a chromatic reflective layer (17) formed on the support structure (15), the chromatic reflective layer (17) comprising reflective layer (43) and a chromatic diffusing layer (41), wherein the chromatic diffusing layer (41) is configured to provide for a specular reflectance that is larger in the red than in the blue and for a diffuse reflectance that is larger in the blue than in the red, and the reflective layer (43) is configured to reflect visible light having passed through the chromatic diffusing layer (41). The chromatic facade unit (11) comprises further an absorbing medium (47) provided in or on the chromatic diffusing layer (41) and/or the reflective layer (43), wherein the absorbing medium (47) is configured to absorb preferred radiation in the infrared spectrum and less in the visible spectrum. Furthermore, respective chromatic window units are disclosed to comprise a chromatic diffusing layer (41) and an absorbing medium (47).

A chromatic diffusing layer (510) comprises a plurality of nanoparticles (37) embedded in a matrix (39), for Rayleigh-like scattering with an average size d in the range 10 nmd240 nm, and a ratio between the blue and red scattering optical densities Log [R(450 nm)]/Log [R(630 nm)] of said chromatic reflective unit falls in the range 52.5, where R() is the monochromatic normalized specular reflectance of the chromatic reflective unit, which is the ratio between the specular reflectance of the chromatic reflective unit and the specular reflectance of a reference sample identical to the chromatic reflective unit except for the fact that the chromatic diffusing layer does not contain nanoparticles with the size d in the range 10 nmd240 nm and for the direction normal to the reflective layer (508) of the chromatic reflective unit (506), the monochromatic normalized specular reflectance R() of the chromatic reflective unit at a wavelength of 450 nm is in the range from about 0.0025 to about 0.15, such as defined by the equations 0.0025R(450 nm)0.15, 0.0025R(450 nm)0.05, 0.0025R(450 nm)0.04.

The present invention relates to a nano bi-material, electromagnetic spectrum shifter based on said nano bi-material and method to produce said electromagnetic spectrum shifter using said nano bi-material. In particular, the present invention provides nano bi-material based electromagnetic spectrum shifter, e.g. color filters, with a wide range of transmission and color tunability and methods to produce said color filters. The present invention has applications in color filtration and production of color filters; reflector and production of reflectors; and electromagnetic spectrum shifter and production of electromagnetic spectrum shifters.

An improved glazing unit including a glass panel which is low in reflectance for RF radiation, a coating system which is high in reflectance for RF radiation disposed on the glass panel and creating onto the glazing unit a dual band bandpass filter. The glazing unit further includes at least one frequencies selective decoated portion of the coating system extending along a plane, P; having a width, DW, and a length, DL. The at least one frequencies selective decoated portion features a first decoated element with a plurality of unit cells, and a plurality of second decoated elements where a second decoated element is placed in a unit cell of the first decoated element, but no second decoated element is in contact with the first decoated element and at least one unit cell of the first decoated element has no second decoated element.

A plurality of vehicular electrochromic mirror reflective elements includes first and second vehicular electrochromic mirror reflective elements, each having a respective planar rear glass shaped substrate and a respective planar front glass substrate. The planar front glass shaped substrates are cut out from a planar glass sheet. Each planar rear glass shaped substrate is joined with a respective planar front glass substrate portion of the planar glass sheet via a respective perimeter seal. With the planar rear glass shaped substrate joined with the planar front glass shaped substrate, the circumferential perimeter cut edge of the planar front glass shaped substrate and the circumferential perimeter cut edge of the planar rear glass shaped substrate are processed to provide a circumferential rounded perimeter edge of the respective vehicular electrochromic mirror reflective element having a radius of curvature of at least 2.5 mm.

The disclosure relates to a metal nanowire structure. The metal nanowire structure includes a substrate and a metal nanowire film located on the substrate. The metal nanowire film includes a number of first metal nanowires parallel with and spaced from each other. A width of each of the plurality of first metal nanowires is in a range from about 0.5 nanometers to about 50 nanometers. Each of the plurality of first metal nanowires is a solid structure and consists of metal material.

The disclosure relates to a touch panel. The touch panel includes a substrate having a surface, a metal nanowire film, at least one electrode, and a conductive trace. The metal nanowire film includes a metal nanowire film. The metal nanowire film includes a number of first metal nanowire bundles parallel with and spaced from each other. Each of the number of first metal nanowire bundles includes a number of first metal nanowires parallel with each other. The first distance between adjacent two of the number of first metal nanowires is less than the second distance between adjacent two of the number of first metal nanowire bundles.

In an aspect, a chromatic reflective unit (1) comprises a support structure (7) comprising a plurality of non-coplanar surface sections (7), a reflective layer (3) formed on the plurality of non-coplanar surface sections (7), thereby forming a plurality of non-coplanar reflective surface sections (3), respectively associated with one of the plurality of non-coplanar surface sections (7), and a chromatic diffusing layer (5) having a back side provided at the reflective surface sections (3) and a front side for being illuminated by incident light (9), wherein the chromatic diffusing layer (5) comprises a plurality of nanoparticles (37) embedded in a matrix (39), and is configured to provide fortogether with non-coplanar reflective surface sections (3)a specular reflectance that is larger in the red than in the blue and for a diffuse reflectance that is larger in the blue than in the red.