A sandwich-structured dielectric material for pulse energy storage is provided as well as a preparation method thereof. Employing a sandwich structure and combining the properties of ceramic-glass materials prepares a high performance dielectric material for pulse energy storage, in which the ceramic dielectric is core-shell structured powder of Ba.sub.xSr.sub.1-xTiO.sub.3 coated with SiO.sub.2, and the glass material is alkali-free glass AF45, of which the chemical composition is 63% SiO.sub.2-12% BaO-16% B.sub.2O.sub.3-9% Al.sub.2O.sub.3. AF45 alkali-free glass paste is spin-coated on both sides of the ceramic and calcined to get a layer-structured material of glass-ceramic-glass.

A sandwich-structured dielectric material for pulse energy storage is provided as well as a preparation method thereof. Employing a sandwich structure and combining the properties of ceramic-glass materials prepares a high performance dielectric material for pulse energy storage, in which the ceramic dielectric is core-shell structured powder of Ba.sub.xSr.sub.1-xTiO.sub.3 coated with SiO.sub.2, and the glass material is alkali-free glass AF45, of which the chemical composition is 63% SiO.sub.2-12% BaO-16% B.sub.2O.sub.3-9% Al.sub.2O.sub.3. AF45 alkali-free glass paste is spin-coated on both sides of the ceramic and calcined to get a layer-structured material of glass-ceramic-glass.

Provided is a dielectric composition containing: a main component expressed by {Ba.sub.xSr.sub.(1-x)}.sub.mTa.sub.4O.sub.12; and a first subcomponent, m satisfying a relationship of 1.95≤m≤2.40. The first subcomponent includes silicon and magnesium. When the amount of the main component contained in the dielectric composition is set to 100 parts by mole, the amount of silicon contained in the dielectric composition is 7.5 to 15.0 parts by mole in terms of SiO.sub.2, and the amount of magnesium contained in the dielectric composition is 5.0 to 22.5 parts by mole in terms of MgO.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.

A nanoparticle cluster reduction method yields a new composition of matter including a large percentage (e.g., 75% or higher percentage) of primary nanoparticles in the new composition of matter. The particle reduction method reduces the size of nanoparticle clusters in material of the new composition of matter, allows particle reduction of specific nanoparticle cluster sizes, and allows particle reduction to primary nanoparticles. This new composition of matter can include a high permittivity and high resistivity dielectric compound. This new composition of matter, according to certain examples, has high permittivity, high resistivity, and low leakage current. In certain examples, the new composition of matter constitutes a dielectric energy storage device that is a battery with very high energy density, high operating voltage per cell, and an extended battery life cycle. An example method can include a controlled gas evolution reaction to reduce the size of nanoparticle clusters.

Provided is an annealing separating agent composition for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. The annealing separating agent composition for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention contains 30 to 70% by weight of a calcium compound, and the remainder of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide on a solid basis.

Provided is an annealing separating agent composition for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet and a method for manufacturing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet. The annealing separating agent composition for a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention contains 30 to 70% by weight of a calcium compound, and the remainder of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide on a solid basis.

Disclosed are embodiments of tungsten bronze crystal structures that can have both a high dielectric constant and low temperature coefficient, making them advantageous for applications that experience temperature changes and gradients. In particular, tantalum can be substituted into the crystal structure to improve properties. Embodiments of the material can be useful for radiofrequency applications such as resonators and antennas.

A single fuel cell according to the present disclosure includes a power generation section, a power non-generation section which does not include the power generation section, and an oxygen-ion-insulating gas seal film arranged so as to cover the surface of the power non-generation section, and the gas seal film is configured by a structure formed by firing a material containing MTiO.sub.3 (M: alkaline earth metal element) and metal oxide. The structure may include a first structure and a second structure which are different in composition, the first structure may include components derived from MTiO.sub.3 in larger amounts than the second structure, the second structure may include a metal element contained in the metal oxide in a larger amount than the first structure, and the area ratio of the second structure in the structure may be not less than 1% and not more than 50%.

Batch compositions containing pre-reacted inorganic spheroidal particles, small amount of fine inorganic particles (“fines”), and an extremely large amount of liquid vehicle. The batch compositions contain pre-reacted inorganic particles having a particle size distribution with 20 μm≤D50≤100 μm, D90≤100 μm, and D5≥10 μm; less than 20 wt % of fine inorganic particles (fines) whose particle distribution(s) have a median diameter of less than 5 μm; and a liquid vehicle in a weight percent (LV %≥28%) by super-addition to all inorganic particles in the batch composition. Fast extruding batch compositions having extremely high Tau Y/Beta ratios are provided. Green bodies, such as green honeycomb bodies and methods of manufacturing green honeycomb bodies are provided, as are other aspects.