A foamed lightweight monolithic refractory castable is provided. The castable includes one or more refractory aggregates as a main constituent, one or more foaming additives in a range of 0.1 wt % to 3.0 wt %, one or more cellulosic powder air-entraining additives in a range of 0.005 wt % to 2.0 wt %, one or more binders in a range of 1 wt % to 40 wt %, and one or more superplasticizers in a range of 0.05 wt % to 0.5 wt %. The refractory aggregates include at least one of alumina and silica. The foaming additives include at least one of alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkene sulfonates, and hydroxylalkane sulfates. The superplasticizers include at least one of sodium polyacrylates, naphthalene sulfonates, polyethylene glycols, polycarboxylates, polyacrylates, and polycarboxylate ethers.

A system for spraying granular pasty matrices onto buildings. A spray gun for a wet mortar which makes possible the easy, safe and efficient spraying of wet mortars including aggregates with a particle size D50 of between 1 and 15 millimeters. The system which it concerns which includes spray gun for wet mortar provided with gun body, with at least one injector emerging in contacting chamber, at least one spray nozzle for mortar, and at least one connection end piece mounted on inlet of body for flow of mortar. Flow of mortar within the guiding duct of body is monodirectional or multidirectional (angular deviation<30°. The position of injection head of the injector in chamber is adjustable. The mortar is constituted by a pasty matrix including aggregates, fillers and additives. The aggregates have a D50=1-15 mm and a form factor F≠1.

A dry construction composition is easily wet-sprayable by means of a screw pump, thus forming, after hardening, a durably mechanically resistant insulating material (λ<0.1 W.Math.m−1.Math.K−1). The composition contains: —A— at least one binder, itself including: —A1— at least one main binder containing lime and/or at least one alumina source and/or at least one calcium sulfate source, preferably at least one alumina source, —A2— at least one water-retaining agent, and —A3— preferably at least one surfactant; and —B— at least one biosourced filler, preferably of plant origin. The ratio B/A (liters/kg) is between 2 and 9. The composition is intended to be mixed with water in a water/binder ratio —A— of no lower than 0.8. Also disclosed is a wet composition, the preparation thereof, to the binder —A— taken in isolation, and to a method of spraying the composition onto a horizontal or vertical substrate or by molding.

An economical high-strength quick-hardening grouting material includes ordinary Portland cement, a quick-hardening sulphoaluminate gelling agent and water. The ratio of the mass of water to the sum of the mass of the ordinary Portland cement and the mass of quick hardening sulphoaluminate gelling agent is 0.46:1. The ratio of the mass of the quick-hardening sulphoaluminate gelling agent to the mass of the ordinary Portland cement is (0.67-1.5):1. The initial setting time of the grouting reinforcement material is 405 min, and the average compressive strength of a cube solidified for 4 hours is higher than or equal to 10 MPa.

Processes of forming or repairing a structure for use in high temperature applications may include intermixing a sodium nitrite (NaNO.sub.2) additive with a refractory material; and applying the refractory material to a structure surface.

A dry construction composition that is easily wet-sprayed by a screw pump to form an insulating and mechanically resistant material after hardening comprises: at least one binder that includes at least one primary binder comprising lime and/or at least one source of alumina and/or at least one source of calcium sulfate, at least one water retention agent, and preferably at least one surfactant; and at least one plant-based bio-based filler based on sunflower stalk and/or corn stalk and/or rape stalk, having a Bulk Density (BD) in kg/m.sup.3 that is less than 110. The ratio of the binder to the filler is between 2 and 9 in liters/kg. The composition can be mixed with water in a ratio of water/binder that is greater than or equal to 0.8 to form a wet composition. The wet composition can be sprayed onto a horizontal or vertical substrate or molded to a desired shape.

A system and method for applying a construction material is provided. The method may include mixing blast furnace slag material, geopolymer material, alkali-based powder, and sand at a batching and mixing device to generate a non-Portland cement-based material. The method may also include transporting the non-Portland cement-based material from the mixing device, through a conduit to a nozzle and combining the transported non-Portland cement-based material with liquid at the nozzle to generate a partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material. The method may further include pneumatically applying the partially liquefied non-Portland cement-based material to a surface.

A powdered quick-setting agent containing a calcium aluminate and a sodium silicate, preferably further containing at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal sulfate, an alkaline earth metal sulfate, and an aluminum sulfate.

Disclosed are a lightweight conductive mortar material, a preparation method therefor and use thereof. The lightweight conductive mortar material includes the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 25 parts to 60 parts of a conductive porous lightweight aggregate loaded with a modified agar gel, and 30 parts to 45 parts of water.

The present specification discloses ceramic matrix compositions, methods of making such ceramic matrix compositions and methods and uses for such ceramic matrix compositions.