The object of this invention is a process for manufacturing, conditioning and stabilization of a family of base additives sodium, potassium, boron, silicon, zinc, calcium oxides, among others, prepared by physicochemical and chemical synthesis methods that form nanometric structures, reformulated with deflocculant, sequestrants and dispersants additives that allow to obtain a dispersion or powder capable to decrease the sintering temperature of a ceramic body due to the high fluxing power, which is maximized by the use of nanotechnology in the structures obtained. The process consists in the preparation of nucleation seeds of metal, silicates and carbonates oxides by means of a physicochemical process, and which allow nanometric structures to grow by means of a chemical process in a chemical synthesis process wet basis of sodium, boron, silicon, zinc, potassium and calcium oxides. The combination of these oxides allows structuring elements of high fluxing power due to their high surface area and physicochemical composition. The additives prepared in this invention are chemically stabilized with deflocculating agents, which allow the additives to be incorporated into the aqueous medium grinding process of the ceramic body. Applications made with the additives of this invention allow the sintering temperature of a red body to be reduced from 1150° C. to 1000° C. and in porcelain bodies from 1180° C. to 1050° C., with the use of 0.2 to 5% of the additive, or increasing the speed of the heat treatment by up to 20%, and it can be used in the manufacture of bathroom fittings, molding parts, components for tooling, coatings, valances, enamels, vitrified pastes and other ceramic components. The present invention proposes several nanostructured additive formulations with high performance fluxing properties, which allow to optimize and standardize the sintering process and to improve the mechanical properties of the ceramic body. It also proposes different methods of application of the additive in ceramic formulations.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of an enhanced resonant frequency hexagonal ferrite material, such as Y-phase hexagonal ferrite material, and methods of manufacturing. In some embodiments, sodium or potassium can be added into the crystal structure of the hexagonal ferrite material in order to achieve improved resonant frequencies in the range of 500 MHz to 1 GHz useful for radiofrequency applications.

A piezoelectric ceramic composition is represented by a composition formula A.sub.xBO.sub.3 and includes potassium sodium niobate containing K and Na that account for 80% or more of an amount of A-site elements and containing Nb that accounts for 70% or more of an amount of B-site elements. The piezoelectric ceramic composition contains Ta and Fe at a B-site.

The invention relates to a scintillation material of rare earth orthosilicate doped with a strong electron-affinitive element and its preparation method and application thereof. The chemical formula of the scintillation material of rare earth orthosilicate doped with the strong electron-affinitive element is: RE.sub.2(1−x−y+δ/2)Ce.sub.2xM.sub.(2y−δ)Si.sub.(1−δ)M.sub.δO.sub.5. In the formula, RE is rare earth ions and M is strong electron-affinitive doping elements; the value of x is 0<x≤0.05, the value of y is 0<y≤0.015, and the value of δ is 0≤δ≤10−4; and M is selected from at least one of tungsten, lead, molybdenum, tellurium, antimony, bismuth, mercury, silver, nickel, indium, thallium, niobium, titanium, tantalum, tin, cadmium, technetium, zirconium, rhenium, and gallium Ga.

The present invention relates to a ceramic material for a multilayer capacitor. The ceramic material has a composition according to the following general formula:

Pb.sub.(y−1.5a−0.5b+c+0.5d−0.5e−f)Ca.sub.aA.sub.b(Zr.sub.1−xTi.sub.x).sub.(1−c−d−e−d)E.sub.cFe.sub.dNb.sub.eW.sub.fO.sub.3,

where
A is one or more of the group of Na, K and Ag;
E is one or more of the group of Cu, Ni, Hf, Si and Mn; and
0<a<0.14,
0.05≤x≤0.3,
0≤b≤0.12,
0<c≤0.12,
0≤d≤0.12,
0≤e≤0.12,
0≤f≤0.12,
0.9≤y≤1.5 and
0.001<b+c+d+e+f
applies.

Further, the invention includes a capacitor comprising the described ceramic material.

There is provided a piezoelectric stack, including: a substrate; an oxide film on the substrate, containing zinc and oxygen as main elements; an electrode film on the oxide film; and a piezoelectric film on the electrode film, being an alkali niobium oxide film containing potassium, sodium, niobium, and oxygen and having a perovskite structure.

The invention relates to a method for producing ceramics having piezoelectric properties in predominantly aqueous suspending agents.

A sagger receiving element for burning powdery cathode materials for producing lithium ion accumulators including a rectangular shell comprising four side walls and a base, wherein the sagger receiving element is produced by a burning process from heat-resistant material which withstands temperatures of in particular more than 900° C., and wherein the material of the sagger receiving element is produced on the basis of oxide-bonded SiC, the material having the following chemical composition in percent by weight to a total of 100%: silicon carbide (SiC) content in a range of 40.0%-80.0%, Al.sub.2O.sub.3 content in a range of 10%-43%, total SiO.sub.2 content in a range of 5%-30%, and alkali oxide and iron oxide content of less than 2%.

In a piezoelectric ceramic composition including potassium sodium niobate, a transition temperature at which a phase transition between an orthorhombic crystal structure and a tetragonal crystal structure occurs lies in a temperature range of −20° C. or higher and 60° C. or lower. In the piezoelectric ceramic composition, αt/αO is 0.72 or more, where αO represents a coefficient of linear expansion determined when a crystal structure is orthorhombic in the temperature range, and αt represents a coefficient of linear expansion determined when a crystal structure is tetragonal in the temperature range.

Provided according to embodiments of the invention are varistor ceramic formulations that include zinc oxide (ZnO). In particular, varistor ceramic formulations of the invention may include dopants including an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth compound, an oxide of boron, an oxide of aluminum, or a combination thereof. Varistor ceramic formulations may also include other metal oxides. Also provided according to embodiments of the invention are varistor ceramic materials formed by sintering a varistor ceramic formulation according to an embodiment of the invention. Further provided are varistors formed from such ceramic materials and methods of making such materials.