An alkylation process is described. The alkylation process includes contacting a feed comprising a paraffin or an aromatic with an olefin feed in the presence of a liquid Lewis acid catalyst in an alkylation reaction zone under alkylation conditions to form a reaction mixture comprising alkylation products and the liquid Lewis acid catalyst. The liquid Lewis acid catalyst is the liquid reaction product of a donor molecule and a metal halide. The alkylation products are separated from the liquid Lewis acid catalyst and recovered.

An alkylation process is described. The alkylation process includes contacting a feed comprising a paraffin or an aromatic with an olefin feed in the presence of a liquid Lewis acid catalyst in an alkylation reaction zone under alkylation conditions to form a reaction mixture comprising alkylation products and the liquid Lewis acid catalyst. The liquid Lewis acid catalyst is the liquid reaction product of a donor molecule and a metal halide. The alkylation products are separated from the liquid Lewis acid catalyst and recovered.

Processes for regenerating ionic liquid catalyst by contacting the ionic liquid catalyst with hydrogen gas in a regeneration reactor. The amount of hydrogen is less than 550 SCF/BBL (97.96 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or less than 500 SCF/BBL (89.05 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or between 550 and 45 SCF/BBL (97.96 and 8.015 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or between 500 and 50 SCF/BBL (89.05 and 8.905 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst. Alkylation processes are also disclosed.

Processes for regenerating ionic liquid catalyst by contacting the ionic liquid catalyst with hydrogen gas in a regeneration reactor. The amount of hydrogen is less than 550 SCF/BBL (97.96 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or less than 500 SCF/BBL (89.05 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or between 550 and 45 SCF/BBL (97.96 and 8.015 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or between 500 and 50 SCF/BBL (89.05 and 8.905 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst. Alkylation processes are also disclosed.

Processes for regenerating ionic liquid catalyst by contacting the ionic liquid catalyst with hydrogen gas in a regeneration reactor. The amount of hydrogen is less than 550 SCF/BBL (97.96 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or less than 500 SCF/BBL (89.05 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or between 550 and 45 SCF/BBL (97.96 and 8.015 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst, or between 500 and 50 SCF/BBL (89.05 and 8.905 m.sup.3/m.sup.3) of spent ionic liquid catalyst. Alkylation processes are also disclosed.

The present invention provides a process for preparing (7Z)-7-tricosene of the following formula (3): the process comprising a step of subjecting a nucleophilic reagent, (8Z)-8-pentadecenyl compound of the following general formula (1), wherein M.sup.1 represents Li, MgZ.sup.1, CuZ.sup.1 or CuLiZ.sup.1, wherein Z.sup.1 represents a halogen atom or an (8Z)-8-pentadecenyl group, to a coupling reaction with a 1-halooctane compound of the following general formula (2), wherein X.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, to produce (7Z)-7-tricosene (3).

##STR00001##

The present invention provides a process for preparing (7Z)-7-tricosene of the following formula (3): the process comprising a step of subjecting a nucleophilic reagent, (8Z)-8-pentadecenyl compound of the following general formula (1), wherein M.sup.1 represents Li, MgZ.sup.1, CuZ.sup.1 or CuLiZ.sup.1, wherein Z.sup.1 represents a halogen atom or an (8Z)-8-pentadecenyl group, to a coupling reaction with a 1-halooctane compound of the following general formula (2), wherein X.sup.1 represents a halogen atom, to produce (7Z)-7-tricosene (3).

##STR00001##

The present invention relates to the integration of an alkylation unit for use in a hydrocarbon conversion process. More specifically, the present invention relates to the integration of a dehydrogenation unit and an alkylation unit and the placement of different isomerization units located off the deisobutanizer and the debutanizer.

The present invention relates to the integration of an alkylation unit for use in a hydrocarbon conversion process. More specifically, the present invention relates to the integration of a dehydrogenation unit and an alkylation unit and the placement of different isomerization units located off the deisobutanizer and the debutanizer.

The present invention relates to the integration of an alkylation unit for use in a hydrocarbon conversion process. More specifically, the present invention relates to the integration of a dehydrogenation unit and an alkylation unit and the placement of different isomerization units located off the deisobutanizer and the debutanizer.