A method for reducing the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) having one or more bay regions which involves alkylating the PAC's with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst to lower the mutagenicity down to as much as about 0.1. The resulting alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds retain their physical and chemical properties for safe industrial use including as rubber processing oils, inks, etc.

A method for reducing the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) having one or more bay regions which involves alkylating the PAC's with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst to lower the mutagenicity down to as much as about 0.1. The resulting alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds retain their physical and chemical properties for safe industrial use including as rubber processing oils, inks, etc.

A method for reducing the mutagenicity of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PAC's) having one or more bay regions which involves alkylating the PAC's with an alkylating agent in the presence of a catalyst to lower the mutagenicity down to as much as about 0.1. The resulting alkylated polycyclic aromatic compounds retain their physical and chemical properties for safe industrial use including as rubber processing oils, inks, etc.

The present disclosure describes a process for the production of alkylaromatics that may be performed using a loop reactor comprising the steps of: introducing an alkylatable aromatic compound; introducing an olefin; introducing a catalyst; adjusting the alkylatable aromatic compound to a pre-reaction temperature that is below a desired reaction temperature; optionally, adjusting the olefin to a second pre-reaction temperature that is below the desired reaction temperature; optionally, adjusting the catalyst to a third pre-reaction temperature that is below the desired reaction temperature; initially contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions to control the temperature of the reaction of the catalyst and olefin; mixing and/or circulating the alkylatable aromatic compound, the olefin and the catalyst; and maintaining the alkylatable aromatic compound and olefin at the desired reaction temperature.

The present disclosure describes a process for the production of alkylaromatics that may be performed using a loop reactor comprising the steps of: introducing an alkylatable aromatic compound; introducing an olefin; introducing a catalyst; adjusting the alkylatable aromatic compound to a pre-reaction temperature that is below a desired reaction temperature; optionally, adjusting the olefin to a second pre-reaction temperature that is below the desired reaction temperature; optionally, adjusting the catalyst to a third pre-reaction temperature that is below the desired reaction temperature; initially contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions to control the temperature of the reaction of the catalyst and olefin; mixing and/or circulating the alkylatable aromatic compound, the olefin and the catalyst; and maintaining the alkylatable aromatic compound and olefin at the desired reaction temperature.

The present disclosure describes a process for the production of alkylaromatics that may be performed using a loop reactor comprising the steps of: introducing an alkylatable aromatic compound; introducing an olefin; introducing a catalyst; adjusting the alkylatable aromatic compound to a pre-reaction temperature that is below a desired reaction temperature; optionally, adjusting the olefin to a second pre-reaction temperature that is below the desired reaction temperature; optionally, adjusting the catalyst to a third pre-reaction temperature that is below the desired reaction temperature; initially contacting the catalyst and olefin under conditions to control the temperature of the reaction of the catalyst and olefin; mixing and/or circulating the alkylatable aromatic compound, the olefin and the catalyst; and maintaining the alkylatable aromatic compound and olefin at the desired reaction temperature.

A process for acid catalyzed alkylation involving the use of surfactants which form bi-continuous micro-emulsions with the liquid acid and the hydrocarbon is described. The bicontinuous phase formed between the hydrocarbon and liquid acid phases at surfactant addition facilitates and improves the liquid acid catalyzed alkylation reactions including motor-fuel alkylation reaction.

A process for acid catalyzed alkylation involving the use of surfactants which form bi-continuous micro-emulsions with the liquid acid and the hydrocarbon is described. The bicontinuous phase formed between the hydrocarbon and liquid acid phases at surfactant addition facilitates and improves the liquid acid catalyzed alkylation reactions including motor-fuel alkylation reaction.

A process for acid catalyzed alkylation involving the use of surfactants which form bi-continuous micro-emulsions with the liquid acid and the hydrocarbon is described. The bicontinuous phase formed between the hydrocarbon and liquid acid phases at surfactant addition facilitates and improves the liquid acid catalyzed alkylation reactions including motor-fuel alkylation reaction.

The invention is directed to hollow zeolite encapsulated metal particle catalysts where the metal particle is contained in the hollow of the zeolite, their preparation method by depositing metal particle precursors and subsequent removal of said metal particle precursors from the surface of the hollow zeolite while retaining those in the cavity of the hollow zeolite, and the catalysts' use in selective benzene alkylation.