A mononuclear iron bivalent complex having iron-silicon bonds, which is represented by formula (1), can exhibit an excellent catalytic activity in at least one reaction selected from three reactions, i.e., a hydrosilylation reaction, a hydrogenation reaction and a reaction for reducing a carbonyl compound.

##STR00001##

(In the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted by X, or the like; X represents a halogen atom, or the like; L.sup.1 represents at least one two-electron ligand selected from an isonitrile ligand, an amine ligand, an imine ligand, a nitrogenated heterocyclic ring, a phosphine ligand, a phosphite ligand and a sulfide ligand, wherein, when multiple L.sup.1's are present, two L.sup.1's may be bonded to each other; L.sup.2 represents a two-electron ligand that is different from a CO ligand or the above-mentioned L.sup.1, wherein, when multiple L.sup.2's are present, two L.sup.2's may be bonded to each other; and m.sup.1 represents an integer of 1 to 4 and m.sup.2 represents an integer of 0 to 3, wherein the sum total of m.sup.1 and m.sup.2 (i.e., m.sup.1+m.sup.2) satisfies 3 or 4.)

A mononuclear iron bivalent complex having iron-silicon bonds, which is represented by formula (1), can exhibit an excellent catalytic activity in at least one reaction selected from three reactions, i.e., a hydrosilylation reaction, a hydrogenation reaction and a reaction for reducing a carbonyl compound.

##STR00001##

(In the formula, R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may be substituted by X, or the like; X represents a halogen atom, or the like; L.sup.1 represents at least one two-electron ligand selected from an isonitrile ligand, an amine ligand, an imine ligand, a nitrogenated heterocyclic ring, a phosphine ligand, a phosphite ligand and a sulfide ligand, wherein, when multiple L.sup.1's are present, two L.sup.1's may be bonded to each other; L.sup.2 represents a two-electron ligand that is different from a CO ligand or the above-mentioned L.sup.1, wherein, when multiple L.sup.2's are present, two L.sup.2's may be bonded to each other; and m.sup.1 represents an integer of 1 to 4 and m.sup.2 represents an integer of 0 to 3, wherein the sum total of m.sup.1 and m.sup.2 (i.e., m.sup.1+m.sup.2) satisfies 3 or 4.)

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (V): ##STR00001## comprising at least the step of reacting a compound of formula (VI) ##STR00002##
with a compound (VII) ##STR00003## wherein; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical provided that at least one R.sub.2 is not hydrogen; R.sub.5 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; R.sub.6 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; n is 1, 2 or 3; each R.sub.8 is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; and Hal is a halide; in the presence of a nickel imidazolidin-2-ylidene compound.

A process for the preparation of a compound of formula (V): ##STR00001## comprising at least the step of reacting a compound of formula (VI) ##STR00002##
with a compound (VII) ##STR00003## wherein; R.sub.2 is hydrogen or a C1-C20 hydrocarbyl radical provided that at least one R.sub.2 is not hydrogen; R.sub.5 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; R.sub.6 is hydrogen or a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms from groups 14-16; n is 1, 2 or 3; each R.sub.8 is a C1-20 hydrocarbyl group; and Hal is a halide; in the presence of a nickel imidazolidin-2-ylidene compound.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The present invention refers to a process for producing 5-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl]-3-[4-(2-hydroxy-2-methyl)-1-oxo-prop-1-yl-phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethyl-1H-indene (dimer isomer 5) that comprises the synthesis from cumene and dimerization of 2-methyl-1-(4-(prop-1-en-2-yl)phenyl)propan-1-one in the presence of acid catalysts.

The cross-coupling reaction of 2-bromo-1-phenyl indenes with phenyl acetylenes or propargyl alcohol is disclosed. The cross-coupling reaction uses a palladium catalyst with triphenylphosphine in the absence of a copper co-catalyst. The reaction is carried out with pyrrolidine as the base in water at 120 C.

The cross-coupling reaction of 2-bromo-1-phenyl indenes with phenyl acetylenes or propargyl alcohol is disclosed. The cross-coupling reaction uses a palladium catalyst with triphenylphosphine in the absence of a copper co-catalyst. The reaction is carried out with pyrrolidine as the base in water at 120 C.