The present invention relates to the use of 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethanone, 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)ethanone, 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethanol, 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethyl acetate and 1-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethanone as a fragrance substance, in particular with a flowery and/or fruity olfactory characteristic. The present invention further relates to fragrance compositions and perfumed products comprising the compounds listed above. The present invention also relates to a method producing perfumed products and a method producing 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethanol or 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethyl acetate. Further, the invention relates to the compounds 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethyl acetate, 1-(4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethanol and 1-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylcyclohexyl)ethanone.

The present disclosure relates to methods of carbon-carbon bond fragmentation.

The present disclosure relates to methods of carbon-carbon bond fragmentation.

The present invention relates to novel manganese complexes and their use, inter alia, for homogeneous catalysis in (1) the preparation of imine by dehydrogenative coupling of an alcohol and amine; (2) C—C coupling in Michael addition reaction using nitriles as Michael donors; (3) dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols to give esters and hydrogen gas (4) hydrogenation of esters to form alcohols (including hydrogenation of cyclic esters (lactones) or cyclic di-esters (di-lactones), or polyesters); (5) hydrogenation of amides (including cyclic dipeptides, lactams, diamide, polypeptides and polyamides) to alcohols and amines (or diamine); (6) hydrogenation of organic carbonates (including polycarbonates) to alcohols or hydrogenation of carbamates (including polycarbamates) or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; (7) dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones; (8) amidation of esters (i.e., synthesis of amides from esters and amines); (9) acylation of alcohols using esters; (10) coupling of alcohols with water and a base to form carboxylic acids; and (11) preparation of amino acids or their salts by coupling of amino alcohols with water and a hydrogenative coupling of alcohols and amines; (13) preparation of imides from diols. ##STR00001## ##STR00002##

The present invention relates to novel manganese complexes and their use, inter alia, for homogeneous catalysis in (1) the preparation of imine by dehydrogenative coupling of an alcohol and amine; (2) C—C coupling in Michael addition reaction using nitriles as Michael donors; (3) dehydrogenative coupling of alcohols to give esters and hydrogen gas (4) hydrogenation of esters to form alcohols (including hydrogenation of cyclic esters (lactones) or cyclic di-esters (di-lactones), or polyesters); (5) hydrogenation of amides (including cyclic dipeptides, lactams, diamide, polypeptides and polyamides) to alcohols and amines (or diamine); (6) hydrogenation of organic carbonates (including polycarbonates) to alcohols or hydrogenation of carbamates (including polycarbamates) or urea derivatives to alcohols and amines; (7) dehydrogenation of secondary alcohols to ketones; (8) amidation of esters (i.e., synthesis of amides from esters and amines); (9) acylation of alcohols using esters; (10) coupling of alcohols with water and a base to form carboxylic acids; and (11) preparation of amino acids or their salts by coupling of amino alcohols with water and a hydrogenative coupling of alcohols and amines; (13) preparation of imides from diols. ##STR00001## ##STR00002##

The present invention relates to a preparation method for and an application of a chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand SpiroPNP and an iridium catalyst Ir-SpiroPNP thereof. The chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand is a compound represented by formula I, or a racemate or optical isomer thereof, or a catalytically acceptable salt thereof, and the main structural feature is a phosphine ligand having a chiral spiro indene skeleton and a large sterically hindered substituent. The chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand can be synthesized into a chiral starting material from a 7-diaryl/alkylphosphino-7′-amino-1,1′-spirodihydroindenyl compound having a spiro ring skeleton. The iridium catalyst of the chiral spirocyclic phosphino-7′-amino-1,1′-spirodihydroindenyl compound having a sprio ring skeleton. The iridium catalyst of the chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand is a compound represented by formula II, or a racemate or optical isomer thereof, or a catalytically acceptable salt thereof. The iridium catalyst can be used to catalyze the asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds, and especially in the asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation of simple dialkyl ketones. Said catalyst exhibits high yield (>99%) and enantioselectivity (up to 99.8% ee), thus having practical value.

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The present invention relates to a preparation method for and an application of a chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand SpiroPNP and an iridium catalyst Ir-SpiroPNP thereof. The chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand is a compound represented by formula I, or a racemate or optical isomer thereof, or a catalytically acceptable salt thereof, and the main structural feature is a phosphine ligand having a chiral spiro indene skeleton and a large sterically hindered substituent. The chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand can be synthesized into a chiral starting material from a 7-diaryl/alkylphosphino-7′-amino-1,1′-spirodihydroindenyl compound having a spiro ring skeleton. The iridium catalyst of the chiral spirocyclic phosphino-7′-amino-1,1′-spirodihydroindenyl compound having a sprio ring skeleton. The iridium catalyst of the chiral spirocyclic phosphine-nitrogen-phosphine tridentate ligand is a compound represented by formula II, or a racemate or optical isomer thereof, or a catalytically acceptable salt thereof. The iridium catalyst can be used to catalyze the asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation of carbonyl compounds, and especially in the asymmetric catalytic hydrogenation of simple dialkyl ketones. Said catalyst exhibits high yield (>99%) and enantioselectivity (up to 99.8% ee), thus having practical value.

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The present invention provides use of an aromatic alcohol as a structural inducer for silk fibroin, and also provides a method for treating silk fibroin. The method includes the following steps: bringing silk fibroin into contact with an aromatic alcohol-containing vapor or liquid to induce the structural transformation of silk fibroin, to obtain a water-insoluble silk fibroin, wherein the mechanical performance of the resulting silk fibroin material and the bonding strength between the silk fibroin material and a substrate material are over 50% higher than those of a silk fibroin material obtained by a traditional treatment method (induction with methanol, ethanol, and steam).

An alicyclic alcohol of Formula (1) and a fragrance composition including the same is described. An alicyclic alcohol composition containing an alicyclic alcohol of Formula (1) and an alicyclic alcohol of Formula (2), is also described, and this composition may also include an alicyclic alcohol of Formula (3). The alicyclic alcohol composition may comprise Formula (1) at a content of 85 mass % to 98 mass %.

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The present invention primarily concerns the use of compounds of the following formula (I)

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wherein X represents an oxygen atom, a —CHO, an —OH, or a —CH.sub.2OH group, a single bond or a double bond is present at the respective location of one of the dotted lines, at least one double bond is present when X is an OH group, and the 3-isopentyl or 3-isopent-2-enyl residue is connected to the ring in the ortho, meta, or para position to the X group, as perfuming and/or flavouring agents.

The invention further relates to fragrance and flavour compositions containing one or more of these compounds, perfumed or flavoured articles comprising one or more of these compounds and corresponding processes for imparting, modifying and/or enhancing certain odour notes.