The present invention relates generally to narrow range alcohol alkoxylates and derivatives thereof, such as alkyl ether sulfates.

The present invention relates generally to narrow range alcohol alkoxylates and derivatives thereof, such as alkyl ether sulfates.

A process for the preparation of glycol ethers by providing a diethylene glycol ether column bottoms mixture comprising triethylene glycol ether, tetraethylene glycol ether, and glycol ether catalyst; separating, in a stripping column, the column bottom mixture into a triethylene glycol ether vapor overhead and a liquid bottoms; and separating, in an evaporator, the liquid bottoms into a residue containing about 80% to about 90% tetraethylene glycol ether and an evaporator overhead comprising at least about 60% tetraethylene glycol ether.

A process for the preparation of glycol ethers by providing a diethylene glycol ether column bottoms mixture comprising triethylene glycol ether, tetraethylene glycol ether, and glycol ether catalyst; separating, in a stripping column, the column bottom mixture into a triethylene glycol ether vapor overhead and a liquid bottoms; and separating, in an evaporator, the liquid bottoms into a residue containing about 80% to about 90% tetraethylene glycol ether and an evaporator overhead comprising at least about 60% tetraethylene glycol ether.

The present invention provides a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by following formula.

R.sup.1CH.sub.2R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4CH.sub.2R.sup.5CH.sub.2R.sup.6CH.sub.2R.sup.7

(R.sup.2, R.sup.4, and R.sup.6 are perfluoropolyether chains having the structure R.sup.3 and R.sup.5 are each independently a linking group containing one or more hydroxyl groups, and R.sup.1 and R.sup.7 are each independently Formula (2).)

OCH.sub.2CH(OH)([D]CH(OH)).sub.s-[E]-CH.sub.2OH(2)

(s is 0 or 1, [D] and [E] each independently is a chain structure consisting of a combination of 2 to 5 methylene groups and 1 oxygen atom or a chain structure consisting of 1 to 4 methylene groups, provided that, in case where s is 0 and [E] contains an oxygen atom, the number of methy ne groups contained in [E] is 3 or more).

A method of detecting a protein by mass spectrometry comprises: providing a solution comprising a hybrid detergent and a protein; providing a mass spectrometer comprising a nanoelectrospray ionisation source; vaporising the solution; ionising the protein; resolving the ionised protein; and detecting the resolved protein. The mass spectrometry methods may be used to interrogate the lipidome of a protein of interest, and/or for analysing membrane proteins in the form of complexes with ligands, and in particular lipids.

There is provided a fluorine-containing ether compound represented by the following formula. R.sup.1R.sup.2CH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2CH(OH)CH.sub.2OCH.sub.2R.sup.3CH.sub.2R.sup.4R.sup.5 (in the formula, R.sup.3 represents a perfluoropolyether chain; R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 represent a divalent linking group having a polar group and may be the same or different from each other; R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 represent a terminal group bonded to an oxygen atom of R.sup.2 or R.sup.4 and may be the same or different from each other; and at least one of R.sup.1 and R.sup.5 is an organic group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least one of hydrogens included in the organic group is substituted by a cyano group).

A method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer for use in making oligomers and polymers that can be used to improve surface properties of polymer-derived systems, such as coatings. The method of making a functionalized fluorinated monomer includes reacting at least one fluorinated nucleophilic reactant, such as a fluorinated alcohol, with at least one compound containing at least one epoxide group. Other methods include reaction of a fluorinated alcohol with a cyclic carboxylic anhydride. In another embodiment, a method includes reacting a fluorinated mesylate, tosylate or triflate with an amine, alkoxide or phenoxide. In other embodiments, the method includes reacting a fluorinated alcohol with an alkyl halide, or reacting a fluorinated alkyl halide with an amine. The functionalized fluorinated monomers may be used as intermediates and reacted to modify the functional groups thereon. Further, the functionalized fluorinated monomers may be reacted to form polymers or oligomers, or with polymers or oligomers having functional groups to modify the polymer or oligomer through the functional group thereon.

The present invention relates generally to narrow range alcohol alkoxylates and derivatives thereof, such as alkyl ether sulfates.

The present invention relates generally to narrow range alcohol alkoxylates and derivatives thereof, such as alkyl ether sulfates.