An aqueous solvent composition is provided, comprising a nucleophilic component having one or more sterically unhindered primary or secondary amine moieties, a Brønsted base component having one or more basic nitrogen moieties, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic composition is provided, comprising one or more carbamate compounds, one or more conjugate acids of Brønsted base, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic CO.sub.2 absorption process is also provided, utilizing the biphasic solvent composition.

An aqueous solvent composition is provided, comprising a nucleophilic component having one or more sterically unhindered primary or secondary amine moieties, a Brønsted base component having one or more basic nitrogen moieties, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic composition is provided, comprising one or more carbamate compounds, one or more conjugate acids of Brønsted base, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. A biphasic CO.sub.2 absorption process is also provided, utilizing the biphasic solvent composition.

Disclosed are methods for separating, recovering, and purifying cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) salts from an organic solvent solution comprising a mixture of cannabinoids. The methods comprise solubilizing the mixture of cannabinoids in C5-C7 hydrocarbon solvents, adding thereto a selected amine to thereby precipitate a CBDA-amine salt therefrom, dissolving the recovered CBDA-amine salt in a selected solvent and then adding thereto a selected antisolvent to thereby recrystallizing a purified CBDA-amine salt therefrom. The recrystallized CBDA-amine salt may be decarboxylated to form a mixture of cannabidiol (CBD) and amine. The CBD amine mixture may be acidified to separate the amine from CBD. The recovered CBD may be concentrated to produce a highly purified CBD. Also disclosed are CBDA-amine salts produced with certain amines selected from groups of secondary amines, tertiary amines, diamines, amino alcohols, amino ethers, and highly basic amines.

A method for manufacturing a quantum dots layer including providing a substrate on which a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode are disposed; providing a first mixed solution including a first quantum dots, which have been surface-treated to have a first polarity, on the first to third electrodes; providing a second polarity opposite to the first polarity to the first electrode resulting in deposition of the first quantum dots on the first electrode; and drying the first mixed solution to form a first quantum dots layer.

A method for manufacturing a quantum dots layer including providing a substrate on which a first electrode, a second electrode, and a third electrode are disposed; providing a first mixed solution including a first quantum dots, which have been surface-treated to have a first polarity, on the first to third electrodes; providing a second polarity opposite to the first polarity to the first electrode resulting in deposition of the first quantum dots on the first electrode; and drying the first mixed solution to form a first quantum dots layer.

An organic light emitting diode includes a first electrode, a hole transport region disposed on the first electrode, an emission layer disposed on the hole transport region, an electron transport region disposed on the emission layer, and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport region. The hole transport region includes a first hole transport layer which is directly disposed on the lower portion of the emission layer and has a first refractive index, and a second hole transport layer which is disposed on the lower portion of the first hole transport layer and has a second refractive index, thereby exhibiting an improved luminous efficiency characteristic.

An organic light emitting diode includes a first electrode, a hole transport region disposed on the first electrode, an emission layer disposed on the hole transport region, an electron transport region disposed on the emission layer, and a second electrode disposed on the electron transport region. The hole transport region includes a first hole transport layer which is directly disposed on the lower portion of the emission layer and has a first refractive index, and a second hole transport layer which is disposed on the lower portion of the first hole transport layer and has a second refractive index, thereby exhibiting an improved luminous efficiency characteristic.

Disclosed are methods for separating, recovering, and purifying tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) salts from an organic solvent solution comprising a mixture of cannabinoids. The methods comprise solubilizing the mixture of cannabinoids in a selected C5-C7 hydrocarbon solvent, adding thereto a selected amine to thereby precipitate a THCA-amine salt therefrom, dissolving the recovered THCA-amine salt in a selected solvent and then adding thereto a selected antisolvent to thereby recrystallize a purified THCA-amine salt therefrom. The recrystallized THCA-amine salt may be decarboxylated to form a mixture of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and amine. The Δ9-THC amine mixture may be acidified to separate the amine from Δ9-THC. The recovered Δ9-THC may be concentrated to produce a highly purified Δ9-THC. Also disclosed are THCA-amine salts produced with amines selected from groups of diamines, amino alcohols, and tertiary amines.

An ionic liquid as a solvent in the hydration reaction of α-pinene to α-terpineol. The ionic liquid is obtained from the reaction of an amine and an inorganic acid. The use of the ionic liquid as solvent favors the selectivity towards the formation of α-terpineol and once the reaction product has been brought to room temperature, the organic phase can be physically separated from the inorganic one by decantation. The inorganic phase contains the ionic liquid, water and reaction catalyst and can be directly reused for a new reaction batch.

An ionic liquid as a solvent in the hydration reaction of α-pinene to α-terpineol. The ionic liquid is obtained from the reaction of an amine and an inorganic acid. The use of the ionic liquid as solvent favors the selectivity towards the formation of α-terpineol and once the reaction product has been brought to room temperature, the organic phase can be physically separated from the inorganic one by decantation. The inorganic phase contains the ionic liquid, water and reaction catalyst and can be directly reused for a new reaction batch.