A chemical blowing agent is described that includes at least one tertiary alkyl carbamate. The chemical blowing agent can be activated thermally and is suitable for foaming thermoplastic materials and can, for example, be incorporated into thermally expandable baffle and/or reinforcement elements, which can be used in automotive manufacturing and building insulation.

A compound for use in treating polycystic kidney disease is represented by Structural Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A pharmaceutical composition comprises a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method of treating polycystic kidney disease in a subject in need thereof comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Methods of treating in polycystic kidney disease in a subject in need thereof respectively comprise administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

A compound for use in treating polycystic kidney disease is represented by Structural Formula (I): ##STR00001##
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A pharmaceutical composition comprises a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. A method of treating polycystic kidney disease in a subject in need thereof comprises administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Methods of treating in polycystic kidney disease in a subject in need thereof respectively comprise administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a compound represented by Structural Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Described herein is a process for preparing urethane (meth)acrylates. In a first step, a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate is reacted with a lactone (B) in the presence of at least one zinc compound and/or bismuth compound (C) to produce a resulting zinc-containing product and/or a bismuth-containing product, and, in a further step, the zinc-containing product and/or the bismuth-containing product is reacted with at least one cycloaliphatic or asymmetric aliphatic diisocyanate (D).

Described herein is a process for preparing urethane (meth)acrylates. In a first step, a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate is reacted with a lactone (B) in the presence of at least one zinc compound and/or bismuth compound (C) to produce a resulting zinc-containing product and/or a bismuth-containing product, and, in a further step, the zinc-containing product and/or the bismuth-containing product is reacted with at least one cycloaliphatic or asymmetric aliphatic diisocyanate (D).

A compound of formula (Ie′): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar′, R.sub.1, R.sub.4e and Y are as defined herein and a method of controlling pests using the compound.

A compound of formula (Ie′): ##STR00001##
wherein Ar′, R.sub.1, R.sub.4e and Y are as defined herein and a method of controlling pests using the compound.

An acrylated and/or methacrylated urethane oligomer obtained by reaction of a specific polyamine with a cyclic carbonate compound carrying m cyclic carbonate groups, giving an intermediate product carrying m formed urethane groups which carry residual reactive amine —NH— groups, and subsequently an addition reaction of each of the residual reactive amine groups of the intermediate product with an acrylate group of a compound carrying, in addition to the acrylate group, p additional acrylate and/or methacrylate groups, with each residual reactive amine —NH— group of the intermediate product being thus converted into a carbon-nitrogen bond carrying the acrylate and/or methacrylate groups, and thus production of the urethane oligomer, with the urethane oligomer carrying m urethane groups and m hydroxyl groups and having a functionality in acrylates and/or methacrylates ranging from m*p(n−1) to m*p(2n−2).

An acrylated and/or methacrylated urethane oligomer obtained by reaction of a specific polyamine with a cyclic carbonate compound carrying m cyclic carbonate groups, giving an intermediate product carrying m formed urethane groups which carry residual reactive amine —NH— groups, and subsequently an addition reaction of each of the residual reactive amine groups of the intermediate product with an acrylate group of a compound carrying, in addition to the acrylate group, p additional acrylate and/or methacrylate groups, with each residual reactive amine —NH— group of the intermediate product being thus converted into a carbon-nitrogen bond carrying the acrylate and/or methacrylate groups, and thus production of the urethane oligomer, with the urethane oligomer carrying m urethane groups and m hydroxyl groups and having a functionality in acrylates and/or methacrylates ranging from m*p(n−1) to m*p(2n−2).

An object of the present invention is to develop a therapeutic agent for an inflammatory disease such as an inflammatory bowel disease or NASH, which therapeutic agent shows less side effects and high effectiveness. The present invention provides a compound represented by Formula (I) or a salt thereof; and a Pin1 inhibitor, a pharmaceutical composition, a therapeutic agent or a prophylactic agent for an inflammatory disease, and a therapeutic agent or a prophylactic agent for colon cancer, containing the compound. ##STR00001##