Methods and systems are disclosed for removing a tattoo from a subject's skin by application of a cold plasma that is delivered via a liquid-gas mixture. The plasma can be delivered in the form of gas bubbles, in which at least a portion of gas is in the form of a plasma.

The disclosed technology includes a catheter comprising an elongated deflectable element extending along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end, a position electrode attached to the elongated deflectable element proximate the distal end and configured for impedance-based position tracking, and a covering at least partially enclosing the position electrode. The covering can comprise a plurality of apertures such that a portion of a conductive surface of the position electrode is exposed through each aperture of the plurality of apertures.

An unattended approach can increase the reproducibility and safety of the treatment as the chance of over/under treating of a certain area is significantly decreased. On the other hand, unattended treatment of uneven or rugged areas can be challenging in terms of maintaining proper distance or contact with the treated tissue, mostly on areas which tend to differ from patient to patient (e.g. facial area). Delivering energy via a system of active elements embedded in a flexible pad adhesively attached to the skin offers a possible solution. The unattended approach may include delivering of multiple energies to enhance a visual appearance.

A medical device system is disclosed including a high-density arrangement of transducers, which may be configured to ablate, stimulate, or sense characteristics of tissue inside a bodily cavity, such as an intra-cardiac cavity. High-density arrangements of transducers may be achieved, at least in part, by overlapping elongate members on which the transducers are located, and varying sizes, shapes, or both of the transducers, especially in view of the overlapping of the elongate members. Also, the high-density arrangements of transducers may be achieved, at least in part, by including one or more recessed portions in an elongate member in order to expose one or more transducers on an underlying elongate member in a region adjacent an elongate-member-overlap region.

An irrigated balloon catheter for use in an ostium of a pulmonary vein, includes a flex circuit electrode assembly adapted for circumferential contact with the ostium when the balloon is inflated. Adapted for both diagnostic and therapeutic applications and procedures, the balloon catheter may be used with a lasso catheter or focal catheter. The flex circuit electrode assembly includes a substrate, a contact electrode on an outer surface of the substrate, the contact electrode having a “fishbone” configuration with a longitudinally elongated portion and a plurality of transversal fingers, and a wiring electrode on an inner surface of the substrate, and conductive vias extending through the substrate electrically coupling the contact electrode and the writing electrodes. Microelectrodes with exclusion zones are strategically positioned relative to the electrodes. The electrodes may also be split into electrode portions.

A method of constructing an inflatable electrode assembly configured for irrigation, comprises: providing a flex circuit having a substrate with a pre-formed aperture, the substrate constructed of a material having a greater heat resistance or a first melting temperature; providing a balloon member with a membrane, the membrane constructed of a material having a lesser heat resistance or a second melting temperature lower than the first melting temperature of the substrate; affixing the substrate to the membrane wherein a surrounding portion of the substrate around the pre-formed aperture masks a surrounding portion of the membrane so as to expose a target portion of the membrane; and applying heat to the target portion of the membrane through the pre-formed aperture of the substrate, wherein the heat applied, without melting the substrate, melts the target portion of the membrane in forming an aperture in the membrane.

Ablation systems of the present disclosure facilitate the safe formation of wide and deep lesions. For example, ablation systems of the present disclosure can allow for the flow of irrigation fluid and blood through an expandable ablation electrode, resulting in efficient and effective cooling of the ablation electrode as the ablation electrode delivers energy at a treatment site of the patient. Additionally, or alternatively, ablation systems of the present disclosure can include a deformable ablation electrode and a plurality of sensors that, in cooperation, sense the deformation of the ablation electrode, to provide a robust indication of the extent and direction of contact between the ablation electrode and tissue at a treatment site.

A treatment device for providing a magnetic treatment and a radiofrequency treatment to a body area of a patient. The device includes an energy storage device for storing electric energy, a magnetic field generating device, and a switching device to discharge the electrical energy from the energy storage device to the magnetic field generating device, such that a time-varying magnetic field is generated and provides muscle contraction to a muscle in the body area of the patient. The time-varying magnetic field may have a magnetic field density in a range of 0.1 Tesla to 7 Tesla and a repetition rate in a range of 0.1 Hz to 700 Hz. The device may also include a radiofrequency electrode to generate radiofrequency waves to heat a tissue in the body of the patient. A body of the radiofrequency electrode may include a plurality of openings in a range of 5 to 1000 openings.

Noninvasive neuromodulation combines transcutaneous electrical modulation with heat and/or focused ultrasonic energy. A noninvasive neuromodulation device includes a first bipole electrode pair aligned along a first axis and a second bipole electrode pair aligned along a second axis, the first axis and the second axis defining a plane. A focused ultrasound (FUS) transducer can direct a focused ultrasound beam along a third axis that intersects the plane. A controller is electrically coupled to the first and second bipole electrode pairs and to the focused ultrasound transducer. The controller is configured to apply electrical energy having a frequency of between about 1 Hz to about 100 MHz to the first and second bipole electrode pairs, and to cause the FUS transducer to emit a focused ultrasound beam having a frequency of between about 20 kHz to about 10 MHz.

A microneedling system may reciprocate a plurality of microneedles disposed on a handpiece into the skin of a patient. The handpiece may have a plurality of positive and negative electrodes in the form of microneedles or surface electrodes arranged across an array. The microneedles and/or electrode plates may deliver RF energy to the patient for inducing collagen coagulation and regeneration. The electrodes may be arranged such that each electrode is positioned adjacent a closest electrode of opposite polarity. There may be an uneven number of positive and negative electrodes. Central electrodes may be surrounded by at least three adjacent closest electrodes of opposite polarity. The electrodes may be arranged in a hexagonal or other polygonal manner. The electrodes may be arranged to provide uniform distribution of energy, heating, and effectively to some extent damage the entire discrete area that encloses the positive and negative electrodes.