A sulfuric acid ester containing a plurality of carbonyl groups or a salt thereof, and a surfactant. The sulfuric acid ester is a compound represented by the following formula:

R.sup.1—C(═O)—R.sup.2—C(═O)—R.sup.3—OSO.sub.3X

wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are defined herein; X is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.4.sub.4, imidazolium optionally containing a substituent, pyridinium optionally containing a substituent, or phosphonium optionally containing a substituent, where R.sup.4s are each H or an organic group and are the same as or different from each other; and any two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 optionally bind to each other to form a ring. Also disclosed is a surfactant containing the sulfuric acid ester and an aqueous dispersant containing the sulfuric acid ester.

The conversion of nootkatol to nootkatene in a terpene blend is intentionally caused by adding a catalytically effective amount of at least one compound that catalyzes the reaction of nootkatol to nootkatene to the terpene blend containing nootkatol. Methods of preparing terpene blends, terpene blends, flavour compositions containing the terpene blends, beverages and foodstuffs containing the flavour compositions, fragrance compositions containing the terpene blends, and fragranced products containing the fragrance composition are also disclosed.

Methods of preparing unsaturated compounds or analogs through dehydrogenation of corresponding saturated compounds and/or hydrogenation of aromatic compounds are disclosed.

To provide a platinum-loaded alumina catalyst with an improved catalyst life.

A platinum-loaded alumina catalyst includes an alumina carrier, and platinum loaded on the alumina carrier, wherein the alumina carrier includes a γ-alumina carrier having a surface area of 200 m.sup.2/g or more, a pore volume of 0.50 m.sup.2/g or more, an average pore diameter in a range of 60 to 150 Å, with pores having a pore diameter in a range of ±30 Å from the average pore diameter occupying 60% or more of a total pore volume, platinum particles are loaded on γ-alumina carrier in a range of 0.1 to 1.5% by weight calculated as elemental platinum (Pt), and 70% or more of the platinum particles have a size of 8 to 15 Å by direct observation using a transmission electron microscope.

The present disclosure is drawn to methods of treating diseases or disorders, and uses of preparing medicaments. The methods of administering and/or preparation of medicaments can include the use of a compound of Formula (I) disclosed herein, or a geometric isomer, stereoisomer, and/or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.

The present invention relates to bi- and tricyclic compounds of the general formula (I) (I) wherein the dashed lines independently of each other represent a single or a double bond, X represents a group of the formulae X.sub.1 to X.sub.3 wherein the asterisk denotes the point of attachment to the rest of the molecule, R.sup.1a and R.sup.1b, independently of each other, are selected from hydrogen or methyl, or R.sup.1a together with R.sup.1b with R form a methylene or ethylene group, R.sup.2, R.sup.3a, R.sup.3b, R.sup.4, R.sup.5a and R.sup.5b, independently of each other, are selected from hydrogen or methyl, R.sup.6 is selected from hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, and R.sup.7 is methyl or ethyl, to a method of preparing said compounds, to the use of a bi- or tricyclic compounds or of mixtures of two or more bi- and tricyclic compounds or of a stereoisomer thereof or of a mixture of two or more stereoisomers thereof as aroma chemicals; to the use of a bi- or tricyclic compound for modifying the scent character of a fragranced composition; to an aroma chemical composition containing a bi- or tricyclic compound or a mixture of two or more bi- and tricyclic compounds or of a stereoisomer thereof or of a mixture of two or more stereoisomers thereof; and to a method of preparing a fragranced composition or for modifying the scent character of a fragranced composition, comprising incorporating a bi- or tricyclic compound or a mixture of two or more bi- and tricyclic compounds or of a stereoisomer thereof or of a mixture of two or more stereoisomers thereof into said composition.

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The present invention relates to a novel method for producing fluorinated cycloaliphatic compounds from the analogous aromatic compounds by hydrogenation with an Rh-carbene catalyst system.

A sulfuric acid ester containing a plurality of carbonyl groups or a salt thereof, and a surfactant. The sulfuric acid ester is a compound represented by the following formula:
R.sup.1—C(═O)—R.sup.2—C(═O)—R.sup.3—OSO.sub.3X wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are as defined herein; X is H, a metal atom, NR.sup.4.sub.4, imidazolium optionally containing a substituent, pyridinium optionally containing a substituent, or phosphonium optionally containing a substituent, where R.sup.4s are each H or an organic group and are the same as or different from each other; and any two of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 optionally bind to each other to form a ring.

The invention relates to methods for producing botanical extracts comprising cannabinoids and terpenes using cold extraction with highly polyunsaturated lipid solvents. These methods allow for the extraction of cannabinoids and terpenes while leaving behind impurities that are commonly found in organic solvent extraction methods.

A hydrodesulfurization catalyst, which includes (i) a catalyst support including a zeolite doped with 0.1 to 0.5 wt. % of a graphene material, based on a total weight of the catalyst support, (ii) 5 to 20 wt. % of molybdenum, based on a total weight of the hydrodesulfurization catalyst, and (iii) 1 to 6 wt. % of a promoter selected from the group consisting of cobalt and nickel, based on a total weight of the hydrodesulfurization catalyst. The molybdenum and the promoter are homogeneously disposed on the catalyst support. A method of producing the hydrodesulfurization catalyst via incipient wetness impregnation techniques, and a method for desulfurizing a hydrocarbon feedstock with the hydrodesulfurization catalyst are also provided.