Sulfonium and iodonium salts of nitrogen-containing carboxylic acids are novel. The onium salt functions as an acid diffusion controlling agent in a resist composition, enabling to form a pattern of good profile with high resolution, improved MEF, LWR and DOF.

Sulfonium and iodonium salts of nitrogen-containing carboxylic acids are novel. The onium salt functions as an acid diffusion controlling agent in a resist composition, enabling to form a pattern of good profile with high resolution, improved MEF, LWR and DOF.

This invention relates to agents that are inhibitors or activators of variant forms of endogenous proteins and novel methods of identifying such variants. Of particular interest are inhibitors and activators of endogenous protein variants, encoded by genes which have mutated, which variants often arise or are at least first identified as having arisen following exposure to a chemical agent which is known to be an inhibitor or activator of the corresponding unmutated endogenous protein.

This invention relates to agents that are inhibitors or activators of variant forms of endogenous proteins and novel methods of identifying such variants. Of particular interest are inhibitors and activators of endogenous protein variants, encoded by genes which have mutated, which variants often arise or are at least first identified as having arisen following exposure to a chemical agent which is known to be an inhibitor or activator of the corresponding unmutated endogenous protein.

In one aspect, compounds modulating sirtuin activity are described herein. Sirtuin modulation by compounds described herein includes sirtuin activation and sirtuin inhibition. Modulation of sirtuin activity includes sirtuin activation and/or sirtuin inhibition. In some embodiments, a sirtuin modulating compound and/or salt thereof is of Formula I described herein.

In one aspect, compounds modulating sirtuin activity are described herein. Sirtuin modulation by compounds described herein includes sirtuin activation and sirtuin inhibition. Modulation of sirtuin activity includes sirtuin activation and/or sirtuin inhibition. In some embodiments, a sirtuin modulating compound and/or salt thereof is of Formula I described herein.

This invention relates to agents that are inhibitors or activators of variant forms of endogenous proteins and novel methods of identifying such variants. Of particular interest are inhibitors and activators of endogenous protein variants, encoded by genes which have mutated, which variants often arise or are at least first identified as having arisen following exposure to a chemical agent which is known to be an inhibitor or activator of the corresponding unmutated endogenous protein.

The invention relates to compounds of general formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R is heteroaryl optionally substituted by R7; or R is heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl, optionally substituted by R8; or R is X wherein X is NR11R12; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, or solvates thereof, for usealone or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active compoundsin therapy, for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases or conditions responsive to stimulation of neutrophil oxidative burst, responsive to stimulation of keratinocyte IL-8 release or responsive to induction of necrosis.

The invention relates to compounds of general formula I

##STR00001##

wherein R is heteroaryl optionally substituted by R7; or R is heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl, optionally substituted by R8; or R is X wherein X is NR11R12; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, or solvates thereof, for usealone or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active compoundsin therapy, for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases or conditions responsive to stimulation of neutrophil oxidative burst, responsive to stimulation of keratinocyte IL-8 release or responsive to induction of necrosis.

The invention relates to compounds of general formula I ##STR00001##
wherein R is heteroaryl optionally substituted by R7; or R is heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl, optionally substituted by R8; or R is X wherein X is NR11R12; and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, or solvates thereof, for usealone or in combination with one or more other pharmaceutically active compoundsin therapy, for preventing, treating or ameliorating diseases or conditions responsive to stimulation of neutrophil oxidative burst, responsive to stimulation of keratinocyte IL-8 release or responsive to induction of necrosis.