Ablation visualization and monitoring systems and methods are provided. In some embodiments, such methods comprise applying ablation energy to a tissue to form a lesion in the tissue, illuminating the tissue with a light to excite NADH in the tissue, wherein the tissue is illuminated in a radial direction, an axial direction, or both, monitoring a level of NADH fluorescence in the illuminated tissue to determine when the level of NADH fluorescence decreases from a base level in the beginning of the ablating to a predetermined lower level, and stopping ablation of the tissue when the level of NADH fluorescence reaches the predetermined lower level.

Provided is a method for managing radio frequency (RF) and ultrasonic signals output by a generator that includes a surgical instrument comprising an RF energy output and an ultrasonic energy output and a circuit configured to receive a combined RF and ultrasonic signal from the generator. The method includes receiving a combined radio frequency (RF) and ultrasonic signal from a generator, generating a RF filtered signal by filtering RF frequency content from the combined signal; filtering ultrasonic frequency content from the combined signal; generating an ultrasonic filtered signal; providing the RF filtered signal to the RF energy output; and providing the ultrasonic filtered signal to the ultrasonic energy output.

A system for performing robotic laser surgery is disclosed. The system comprises at least one surgery equipment, a surgeon terminal, and a communication module. Further, the system includes a surgical computer communicatively coupled to the at least one surgery equipment via the communication module. The surgical computer is configured to transfer data between the surgeon terminal and the at least one surgery equipment. The surgeon terminal is configured to modulate the tunable laser to conduct the surgical procedure in fully autonomous mode or semi-autonomous mode using robot controls. Further, a plurality of sensors is used to real-time data while performing surgical procedure and transmit the real-time data to the surgeon terminal.

A medical device includes a body and at least one electrode disposed thereon. The electrode includes a metallic substrate, such as a platinum group metal, an alloy of platinum group metals, or gold. The surface of the substrate is modified in a manner that increases its effective surface area without inducing bulk heating. For example, the surface of the substrate can be laser textured and/or coated, such as with titanium nitride or iridium oxide.

A method for characterizing a state of an end effector of an ultrasonic device is disclosed. The ultrasonic device including an electromechanical ultrasonic system defined by a predetermined resonant frequency. The electromechanical ultrasonic system further including an ultrasonic transducer coupled to an ultrasonic blade. The method including applying, by an energy source, a power level to the ultrasonic transducer; measuring, by a control circuit coupled to a memory, an impedance value of the ultrasonic transducer; comparing, by the control circuit, the impedance value to a reference impedance value stored in the memory; classifying, by the control circuit, the impedance value based on the comparison; characterizing, by the control circuit, the state of the electromechanical ultrasonic system based on the classification of the impedance value; and adjusting, by the control circuit, the power level applied to the ultrasonic transducer based on the characterization of the state of the end effector.

A computer-implemented method includes accessing electrophysiological data and generating an electroanatomic map for a surface of interest based on the electrophysiological data acquired during or after application of a first intervention to temporarily perturb electrical properties of a region of interest on or within the patient’s heart. The method also includes determining changes in the map or information derived from the map responsive to application of a first intervention. The first intervention can include including applying a non-lethal energy and/or a bioactive agent to induce or inhibit conduction of electrical activity for the region of interest. The method also includes controlling a second intervention to permanently alter the electrical properties of the region of interest based on the determination indicating a desired change in cardiac electrical activity responsive to the first intervention.

An energy treatment system and a output control method thereof according to embodiments of the present invention perform treatment by energy supply in which ultrasonic energy and high frequency energy are combined, stop or suppress discharge by reducing the output of high frequency energy within a set period when a state in which discharge is likely to occur during treatment is detected, and change the output of ultrasonic energy. In addition, in order for a user to continue treatment without feeling uncomfortable and to ensure incision performance, each output is controlled so that the set period is as short as possible or is supplemented, and also, the set period expires, and control is performed so as to reduce the possibility of discharge even at the time of returning.

Various surgical systems are disclosed. A surgical system can include a surgical robot and a surgical hub. The surgical robot can include a control unit in signal communication with a control console and a robotic tool. The surgical hub can include a display. The surgical hub can be in signal communication with the control unit. A facility can include a plurality of surgical hubs that communicate data from the surgical robots to a primary server. To alleviate bandwidth competition among the surgical hubs, the surgical hubs can include prioritization protocols for collecting, storing, and/or communicating data to the primary server.

Devices, systems, and methods of the present disclosure are directed to generating three-dimensional surface representations of an anatomic structure such as a heart cavity. More specifically, a three-dimensional surface representation of the anatomic structure is constrained relative to one or more anchor portions corresponding to received input regarding the location of anatomic features of the anatomic structure. The resulting three-dimensional surface representation includes salient features of the anatomic structure and, therefore, can be useful as visualization tool during any of various different medical procedures, including, for example, cardiac ablation.

According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for use with a treatment device for providing feedback to a user on a treatment operation performed on a body part of a subject, wherein the treatment device is configured to apply light pulses to skin of the body part to perform the treatment operation, wherein a light pulse applied to the skin treats an area of the skin. The apparatus comprises a processing unit configured to receive a first measurement signal from a first sensor, the first measurement signal comprising information about positions and/or movements of the treatment device over time; for a light pulse previously applied by the treatment device to the body part during the treatment operation, process the first measurement signal to estimate a previous treatment position as a position of the treatment device relative to the body part when the light pulse was generated; for the previously applied light pulse and based on the estimated previous treatment position, estimate a previous treatment area for the light pulse corresponding to the area of skin of the body part that the light pulse was applied to when the treatment device was at the previous treatment position; process the first measurement signal to estimate a current position of the treatment device relative to the body part; based on the estimated current position of the treatment device, estimate a current treatment area corresponding to an area of skin that the treatment device would apply a light pulse to while in the current position; and generate a feedback control signal for a feedback unit, wherein the feedback control signal is configured to cause the feedback unit to generate feedback indicating whether the current treatment area corresponds, or substantially corresponds, to a previous treatment area.