Antibodies that bind to ανβ8 are provided.

Natalizumab is a safe and efficacious treatment for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's Disease, and rheumatoid arthritis. Chain swapping between natalizumab and IgG4 molecules acts to reduce the level of bivalent natalizumab present following administration of natalizumab, and thus to lower the activity of natalizumab in the patient. Differences in IgG4 levels across patients or within a single patient across time may change the pharmacokinetic profile of natalizumab. Patients with lower levels of IgG4 may experience higher nadir levels of natalizumab during a dosing period. Monitoring IgG4 and/or bivalent natalizumab levels, and determining a dose or dosage period based on the monitoring may improve the safety and/or efficacy of natalizumab therapy.

Methods for developing disease-related nanobodies and related products and kits are provided. The disease-specific proteins are extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, domains or epitopes that are associated with various aspects of disease and are not present, or are present in very low quantities, in non-diseased individuals. Highly effective nanobodies capable of specifically binding to these ECM protein epitopes useful in in vivo imaging assays, the detection, diagnosis and treatment of diseases as well as monitoring therapeutic progress in a patient with a disease are provided herein.

Provided herein are recombinant nucleic acids encoding T cell receptor (TCR) fusion proteins (TFPs), modified γδ T cells expressing the encoded molecules, and methods of use thereof for the treatment of diseases, including cancer.

The present invention relates to a multispecific antigen-binding molecule comprising a first antigen-binding domain and a second antigen-binding domain. The first domain specifically binds a target molecule (T), and the second domain specifically binds an internalizing effector protein (E), the second antigen-binding domain having a dissociation constant (K.sub.D) with E of between 10.sup.−9 and 10.sup.−8 M. The multispecific antigen-binding molecule is useful in a method for treating and/or preventing a cancer.

Provided herein, in some aspects, are agents, such as antibodies, chimeric antigen receptors, or RNA interference molecules that target the interaction between α3β1 integrin and α1 homotrimeric type I collagen. Aspects are directed to methods of treating cancer and fibroids comprising administering to a patient in need thereof an effective amount of an agent that disrupts the interaction between α3β1 integrin and α1 homotrimeric type I collagen. The methods can further include administering an effective amount of chemotherapy or immunotherapy to said patient.

Methods and compositions described herein are useful for rejuvenating skeletal muscle stem cells (i.e., satellite cells), promoting skeletal muscle regeneration, improving exercise endurance, regenerating skeletal muscle degeneration associated with an age-related disorder of skeletal muscle, and treating, preventing, or reversing skeletal muscle conditions.

Biomarkers predictive of responsiveness to integrin beta7 antagonists, including anti-beta7 integrin subunit antibodies, and methods of using such biomarkers are provided. In addition, methods of treating gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are provided. Also provided are methods of using such predictive biomarkers for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.

The invention relates to methods of assessing a patient's risk of developing Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML).

A method of chronically reducing a patient's pathological inflammation via the administration of an agent that specifically binds to an alpha-4 integrin or a dimer comprising an alpha-4 integrin is disclosed. The agent provided must have a binding affinity such that administration is sufficient to suppress pathological inflammation, and the agent is administered chronically to provide long-term suppression of pathological inflammation.