Lubricious coatings for medical devices and their uses are described.

Lubricious coatings for medical devices and their uses are described.

Provided are a polymer-coated substrate in which a polymer layer formed on the surface of a substrate is stable for a long period of time even in a liquid environment, and a medical analysis device including the polymer-coated substrate. Included is a polymer-coated substrate which includes a substrate, a silane compound layer formed on a surface of the substrate, and a polymer layer formed on the silane compound layer.

An embolization system and methods for controlling solidification of embolic compositions comprising a first and a second embolic component that react with each other in vivo at a target site to form an embolic material, with the embolic components being dilutable in physiological fluids so that they do not form an embolic composition at a site that is not desired.

An embolization system and methods for controlling solidification of embolic compositions comprising a first and a second embolic component that react with each other in vivo at a target site to form an embolic material, with the embolic components being dilutable in physiological fluids so that they do not form an embolic composition at a site that is not desired.

A pattern forming material according to an embodiment is a pattern forming material comprising a polymer composed of a plurality of monomer units bonded to each other. Each of the monomer units includes an ester structure having a first carbonyl group and at least one second carbonyl group bonded to the ester structure. A second carbonyl group farthest from a main chain of the polymer constituting the pattern forming material among second carbonyl groups is in a linear chain state.

A pattern forming material according to an embodiment is a pattern forming material comprising a polymer composed of a plurality of monomer units bonded to each other. Each of the monomer units includes an ester structure having a first carbonyl group and at least one second carbonyl group bonded to the ester structure. A second carbonyl group farthest from a main chain of the polymer constituting the pattern forming material among second carbonyl groups is in a linear chain state.

Provided is a fluorine-containing polymer which has no perfluoroalkyl group of 4 or more carbon atoms and which, when formed together with a photoacid generator into a film, shows water repellency after film formation, but becomes hydrophilic by the action of an acid generated under light irradiation, and thus serves as a pattern forming material capable of forming a film with high sensitivity and resolution. A fluorine-containing polymer according to the present invention has a repeating unit of the formula (1) ##STR00001##
where R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group; R.sup.2 to R.sup.5 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-C.sub.10 alkyl group; X is a single bond or a divalent group; Y is a C.sub.1-C.sub.3 fluoroalkyl or carboxylate (—COOR) group; R is a C.sub.1-C.sub.3 fluoroalkyl group; and seven or less of hydrogen atoms contained in the substituent group may be substituted with fluorine.

According to one embodiment, a mixture includes a fluoropolymer monomer having at least one functional group amenable to polymerization, a pore-forming material, and a polymerization initiator. According to another embodiment, a product includes a porous three-dimensional structure comprising a crosslinked fluoropolymer, where at least 20% of a volume measured within an outer periphery of the porous three-dimensional structure corresponds to the pores.

Apparatuses and methods for monitoring curing of photocurable material are disclosed. The methods generally include directing an ultraviolet cure light into a photocurable material, wherein the ultraviolet cure light causes the photocurable material to cure; directing a probe light into the photocurable material through an optical fiber during the cure; collecting a back reflection signal from the photocurable material with the optical fiber; and determining a refractive index change of the photocurable material during the cure.