N-oxide and monomers, N-oxide polymers and copolymers, methods for making the N-oxide monomers, polymers, and copolymers, compositions and materials that include N-oxide polymers and copolymers, and methods for using the N-oxide monomers, N-oxide polymers, and N-oxide copolymers.

Provided are an active energy ray-curable composition that has good antistatic properties, scratch resistance, and transparency after curing, and an antistatic film using the same. The active energy ray-curable composition of the present invention is an active energy ray-curable composition, including a photopolymerization initiator A represented by the following Formula (I), an antistatic polymer B, and a polymerizable compound C containing an ethylenically unsaturated group, ##STR00001## in Formula (I), V.sup.1, V.sup.2, V.sup.3, and V.sup.4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and n represents an integer of 1 to 5.

The invention relates to photoactive oligomeric aminoketones of general Formulae I and II, for compositions and inks curable with ultraviolet (UV) light. The oligomeric aminoketones of the general Formula I are made by condensation of aminoketones with aldehydes, and aminoketones of the general Formula II are made by acylation of aromatic amines with phthalic anhydride, followed by esterification with a polyol. The aminoketones provide good curability of energy curable coatings and inks with UV-A light, and are proposed for photoinitiator systems for low migration inks. ##STR00001##

The present disclosure provides a method of producing a cation exchange polymer, the method includes polymerizing an anionic monomer in the presence of a polymerizable crosslinker having a cationic functional group. A sufficient amount of anionic monomer is used to provide both the anionic charges necessary for cation exchange, and the anionic charges necessary to pair with the cationic functional groups in the crosslinker.

The present disclosure provides a method of producing a cation exchange polymer, the method includes polymerizing an anionic monomer in the presence of a polymerizable crosslinker having a cationic functional group. A sufficient amount of anionic monomer is used to provide both the anionic charges necessary for cation exchange, and the anionic charges necessary to pair with the cationic functional groups in the crosslinker.

Provided are adhesive materials which exhibit high adhesive strength, and compounds which can be blended with the adhesive materials. The compounds are represented by the general formula: X(Y1)n.sup.1, in which the core (X) and the terminal group (Y1) are bonded to each other, n.sup.1 represents the number of terminal groups (Y1) bonded to the core (X), and n.sup.1 is equal to the valence of the core (X); the core (X) is a C.sub.1-200 polyvalent organic group having a valence of not less than 3 containing an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom in which an atom bonded to the terminal group (Y1) is the oxygen atom or the nitrogen atom; and the terminal group (Y1) is further defined.

The present disclosure relates to tertiary amine co-initiators that demonstrate reduced leaching and which may be utilized in dental restoration and other biomedical applications. Embodiments of the present disclosure provide compounds and compositions for use in preparing polymers and light curable dental resin composites, as well as methods for preparing photocurable polymer-based dental restorative materials. In one or more disclosed embodiments, a co-initiator for use in preparing a polymer comprises a tertiary amine core and two or more pendant, terminal methacrylate groups. In some embodiments, the co-initiator may also act as a co-monomer in a co-polymerization reaction. ##STR00001##

N-oxide and monomers, N-oxide polymers and copolymers, methods for making the N-oxide monomers, polymers, and copolymers, compositions and materials that include N-oxide polymers and copolymers, and methods for using the N-oxide monomers, N-oxide polymers, and N-oxide copolymers.

To provide a fluorinated compound capable of obtaining a cured product which is excellent in heat resistance and mold release and has a high Abbe number; a curable composition containing such a compound; and a cured product which is excellent in heat resistance and mold release and has a high Abbe number. The fluorinated compound is represented by the following formula (A):
[ZOCH.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2CF.sub.2OCFHCF.sub.2X].sub.nQ(A)
where n is an integer of at least 1, Q is a n-valent organic group, X is O, NH or S, and Z is a group having at least one polymerizable functional group.

An object of the present invention is to provide a polymerizable composition with which a polymer having a high degree of hardness can be produced. Another object is to provide, for example, an optically anisotropic body, a phase retardation film, an optical compensation film, an antireflection film, a lens, and a lens sheet that are composed of the polymerizable composition and a liquid crystal display element, an organic light-emitting display element, a lighting element, an optical component, a coloring agent, a security marker, a laser emission member, a polarizing film, a coloring material, and a printed item that are produced using the polymerizable composition. The present invention provides a polymerizable composition including a polymerizable compound represented by General Formula (IA) which has a specific structure including a plurality of polymerizable groups.