Bioactive coatings suitable for facilitating removal of a fingerprint when contacting the coating are provided including a base associated with a chemically modified enzyme, and, optionally a first polyoxyethylene present in the base and independent of the enzyme. The coatings are optionally overlayered onto a substrate. Also provided are processes of facilitating fingerprint removal.

The present invention is directed to a process for preparing light curable energetic polymeric binders. The process for preparing such binder comprises the steps of mixing a pre-polymer such as PGN or GAP having a terminal hydroxyl group with a solvent and adding reactants wherein the reactant has a light curable moiety and a pre-polymer reactive moiety. Catalysts such as carbodiimide and DMAP may be further added to the mixture.

A heteroatom-containing alkoxy polyether based anionic-nonionic surfactant has the following molecular formula (I):

R.sub.1—O-(Poly).sub.n-X—Y.sup.a−.a/bM.sup.b+  (I).

In formula (I), R.sub.1 is any one of C.sub.1-C.sub.50 aliphatic group and aromatic group; each occurrence of group Poly, equal to or different from each other, is independently selected from the group represented by formula (Ru—O).sub.m; n is a number from greater than 0 to 300; for each type of group (Ru—O), m is independently a number from greater than 0 to 100; X is any one of alkylene, alkenylene and arylene containing 1-10 carbon atoms; Y is an anionic group; and M is a cation or a cationic group.

A hydrophilic polymer derivative having a cyclic benzylidene acetal linker represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently an electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituent or a hydrogen atom; X.sup.1 is a chemically reactive functional group; P is a hydrophilic polymer; s is 1 or 2, t is 0 or 1, and s+t is 1 or 2; w is an integer of 1 to 8; and Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each independently a selected divalent spacer.

A hydrophilic polymer derivative having a cyclic benzylidene acetal linker represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.6 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group; R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are each independently an electron-withdrawing or electron-donating substituent or a hydrogen atom; X.sup.1 is a chemically reactive functional group; P is a hydrophilic polymer; s is 1 or 2, t is 0 or 1, and s+t is 1 or 2; w is an integer of 1 to 8; and Z.sup.1 and Z.sup.2 are each independently a selected divalent spacer.

A biodegradable polyethylene glycol derivative in which a polyethylene glycol chain is linked by an acetal linker capable of accurately controlling the hydrolysis rate under different pH environments in the living body, and whose division rate into a polyethylene glycol chain of low molecular weight in the living body can be accurately controlled. The biodegradable polyethylene glycol derivative is represented by formula (1) or formula (2) as described.

A biodegradable polyethylene glycol derivative in which a polyethylene glycol chain is linked by an acetal linker capable of accurately controlling the hydrolysis rate under different pH environments in the living body, and whose division rate into a polyethylene glycol chain of low molecular weight in the living body can be accurately controlled. The biodegradable polyethylene glycol derivative is represented by formula (1) or formula (2) as described.

The present disclosure is related to a hydrophilic monomer, comprising (i) at least one amino moiety; (ii) at least one polyoxyalkylene unit; and (iii) at least one (meth)acrylate moiety.

A bio-related substance bonded to a branched and degradable polyethylene glycol derivative that is degraded in the cells represented by the following formula (A):

##STR00001##

wherein each symbol is as defined in the present specification, is provided by the present invention.

The present invention relates to a technique for effective intranasal delivery to the brain. More specifically, the present invention is used for diagnosing, preventing or treating central nervous system encephalopathy, neurodegenerative diseases or brain tumor by effectively delivering to the brain a pH-responsive and bioreducible PPA polymer, which can be used as a drug carrier, by means of nasal administration.