The present invention addresses the problem of providing a fluorine-containing aromatic polymer; a method for producing the fluorine-containing aromatic polymer; etc. The problem can be solved by: a polymer having a monomer unit represented by formula (1) (wherein R.sup.1 in each occurrence is independently a halogen atom, NR.sup.11R.sup.12 (wherein R.sup.11 and R.sup.12 are independently a hydrogen atom or an organic group), or an organic group; n1 is an integer of 0 to 4; two R.sup.1s that can be present in the ortho-positions may form a ring together with two carbon atoms on the adjacent benzene ring, wherein the formed ring may have an organic group as a substituent; and L.sup.1 is a single bond, an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, -L.sup.11-O—, —O-L.sup.12-O—, -L.sup.13-S—, or —S-L.sup.14-S— (wherein L.sup.11 to L.sup.14 are each independently an alkylene group optionally having one or more substituents); etc.

A molecular adhesive system for reversibly joining two surfaces, comprising: an anionic coating on a first of two surfaces to be joined; a conductive polymer nanotube array on a second of the two surfaces to be joined; wherein said conductive polymer nanotube array is functionalized with metal nanoparticles; and an electric potential applied across said two surfaces.

Disclosed are conjugated polymers bearing chemical probes and the use thereof for the preparation of chemical sensors based on carbon nanotubes allowing the selective detection of analytes in water.

Disclosed are a polymer including at least one structural unit with a moiety represented by Chemical Formula 1, an organic thin film including the polymer, a thin film transistor, and an electronic device. ##STR00001## In Chemical Formula 1, Ar.sup.1 to Ar.sup.3, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, and R.sup.1 to R.sup.6 are the same as described in the detailed description.

Embodiments in accordance with the present invention encompass compositions encompassing a latent organo-ruthenium catalyst, an organo-ruthenium compound and a pyridine compound along with one or more monomers which undergo ring open metathesis polymerization (ROMP) when said composition is heated to a temperature from 80° C. to 150° C. or higher to form a substantially transparent film. Alternatively the compositions of this invention also undergo polymerization when subjected to suitable radiation. The monomers employed therein have a range of refractive index from 1.4 to 1.6 and thus these compositions can be tailored to form transparent films of varied refractive indices. The compositions of this invention further comprises inorganic nanoparticles which form transparent films and further increases the refractive indices of the compositions. Accordingly, compositions of this invention are useful in various opto-electronic applications, including as coatings, encapsulants, fillers, leveling agents, among others.

A material comprising a group of formula (I): (I) wherein: X and Y are each independently selected from S, O or Se; Ar1, Ar2, Ar3 and Ar4 are each independently an unsubstituted or a substituted benzene, an unsubstituted or a substituted 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic group or are absent; A.sup.1 and A.sup.2 are each independently an unsubstituted or a substituted benzene, an unsubstituted or a substituted 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic group, a non-aromatic 6-membered ring having ring atoms selected from C, N, S and O or are absent; R.sup.1 is H or a substituent; R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each independently H or a substituent; and * represents a point of attachment to a hydrogen or non-hydrogen substituent.

##STR00001##

There is a polymeric photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) with inverted structure having an anode; an anodic buffer layer; an active layer having at least one photoactive organic polymer as electron-donor and at least one electron-accepting organic compound; a cathodic buffer layer; and a cathode. The at least one photoactive organic polymer is selected from conjugated polymers comprising an anthraditiophenic derivative having a general formula (I):

##STR00001##

The polymeric photovoltaic cell (or solar cell) with inverted structure shows good values of power conversion efficiency (PCE) (η) and can be advantageously used in the construction of photovoltaic modules (or solar modules), either on a rigid support or on a flexible support.

Disclosed herein are ladder polymers comprising fused aromatic and non-aromatic rings. Also disclosed are the manufacture and use of these ladder polymers, e.g., in separation membranes, such as membrane for gas separation.

An osmium-containing conjugated polymer and methods thereof. A structural formula of the osmium-containing conjugated polymer is formula I, a reaction formula of the osmium-containing conjugated polymer is a formula II.

Provided are a polymer semiconductor including a first structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a second structural unit represented by Chemical Formula 2, a stretchable polymer thin film including the same, and an electronic device.

##STR00001##

Definitions of Chemical Formulas 1 and 2 are as described in the detailed description.