A polybenzodifuran ladder polymer is disclosed.

Compound, Composition and Organic Light-Emitting Device A compound of formula (I) (Formula (I)) wherein X is O, S, NR.sup.8, CR.sup.8.sub.2 or SiR.sup.8.sub.2 wherein R.sup.8 in each occurrence is independently a substituent; R.sup.1, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently in each occurrence a substituent; x independently in each occurrence is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and y independently in each occurrence is 0, 1 or 2. The compound may be provided as a sidechain, end group or backbone group of a polymer. The compound may be used as a host for a phosphorescent light-emitting material in an organic light-emitting device.

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The invention provides for polyfluoreno[4,5-cde]oxepine conjugates and their use in methods of analyte detection.

A polybenzodifuran ladder polymer is disclosed.

There is provided an electroactive material having Formula I ##STR00001##
wherein: Q is the same or different at each occurrence and can be O, S, Se, Te, NR, SO, SO.sub.2, or SiR.sub.3; R is the same or different at each occurrence and can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, or alkynyl; and R.sup.1 through R.sup.6 are the same or different and can be hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, halogen, hydroxyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, alkylthio, phosphino, silyl, COR, COOR, PO.sub.3R.sub.2, OPO.sub.3R.sub.2, or CN.

Embodiments in accordance with the present invention encompass a variety of polymers derived from polycyclic olefin monomers, such as hydrocarbon functionalized norbornenes. The polymers so formed function as ionomers and are suitable as anion exchange membrane for fabricating a variety of electrochemical devices, among others. More specifically, the ionomeric polymers used herein are derived from a variety of quaternized amino functionalized norbornene monomers and are lightly crosslinked (less than ten mol %). The membranes made therefrom exhibit very high ionic conductivity of up to 198 mS/cm at 80 C. This invention also relates to using an anion conducting solid polymer electrolyte as the ion conducting medium between the two electrodes and the ion conducting medium within the electrodes acting as the ionic conduit between electroactive material and electrolyte. The electrochemical devices made in accordance of this invention are useful as fuel cells, gas separators, and the like.

A polybenzodifuran ladder polymer is disclosed.

An organic film transistor containing a compound, which is composed of n repeating units represented by Formula (1-1), (1-2), or (101), in a semiconductor active layer is an organic film transistor using a compound that results in high carrier mobility when being used in the semiconductor active layer of the organic film transistor and exhibits high solubility in an organic solvent; ##STR00001## (Each of R.sup.1 R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; each of Ar.sup.1 and Ar.sup.2 independently represents a heteroarylene group or an arylene group; V.sup.1 represents a divalent linking group; m represents an integer of 0 to 6; cy represents a naphthalene ring or an anthracene ring; each of R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 represents a hydrogen atom or a substituent; each of Ar.sup.3 and Ar.sup.4 represents a heterocyclic aromatic ring or an aromatic ring; V.sup.2 represents a divalent linking group; p represents an integer of 0 to 6; n represents an integer of equal to or greater than 2; A is a divalent linking group represented by Formula (101); each of R.sup.A1 to R.sup.A6 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituent, or a direct bond with Ar.sup.101 or Ar.sup.102 in Formula (101); and among the groups represented by R.sup.A1 to R.sup.A6, two different groups are direct bonds with Ar.sup.101 and Ar.sup.102 in Formula (101) respectively.)

The present invention relates to a conductive polymer material of poly(thio- or seleno-)phene type containing at least two distinct species of counteranion, including a first species which is an anionic form of sulphuric acid, and a second species of counteranion selected from triflate, triflimidate, tosylate, mesylate, perchlorate and hexafluorophosphate. The invention also relates to a process for preparing such a material and the use thereof as conductive film. The invention also targets a substrate coated at least partly by a film of a material as defined above, a device comprising a material as defined above as conductive material, and also the use thereof in the organic electronics, organic thermoelectricity, organic photovoltaic and organic photodetector fields.

The present invention discloses an organic semiconductor formulation comprising an organic semiconductor (OSC) and an organic nitrogen-containing additive (ONA) capable of enhancing the n-type performance of the organic semiconductor. The semiconductor formulation disclosed herein is suitable for producing n-type semiconductor thin films for use in a variety of electronic applications and devices.