The present invention relates to sulfur-containing polyester polyols and to the preparation and use thereof.

The present disclosure is directed to provide a method of producing polyamide resin foamable particles at a low foaming temperature. A method of producing polyamide resin foamable particles of the present disclosure include forming a foamable polyamide resin, into which a polar solvent and a foaming agent are made to be included, into a polyamide resin.

Disclosed are low-viscosity foamable polyurethane-forming compositions containing a polyol composition having monomeric and higher polyol components and optionally a polyhydroxylated aromatic compound; a polyisocyanate or latent polyisocyanate component or a combination thereof; a blowing agent; and optionally a cyclic carbonate having one or more hydroxyl groups. The monomeric and higher polyols each contain three or more hydroxyl groups, the higher polyol containing residues of the monomeric polyol and optionally residues of the polyhydroxylated aromatic compound, the residues being linked by one or more carbonate and/or ether groups. The Disclosed foamable polyurethane-forming compositions may contain the polyol compositions disclosed; an isocyanate functional component; and a blowing agent. The foamable compositions afford high strength, heat-resistant, low to moderate density foamed-polyurethane compositions useful in a variety of applications including construction, vehicle and packaging applications.

A polyurethane foam article comprises the reaction product of an isocyanate component and isocyanate-reactive composition in the presence of a blowing agent. The isocyanate component includes an isocyanate prepolymer comprising the reaction product of a first polyether polyol and a methylene diphenyl diisocyanate. The isocyanate-reactive composition comprises a second polyether polyol having secondary terminal hydroxyl groups and an amine-initiated catalytic polyether polyol having primary hydroxyl groups. A method of making the polyurethane foam article comprises the steps of reacting the first polyether polyol and methylene diphenyl diisocyanate to form the isocyanate prepolymer and reacting the isocyanate prepolymer with the isocyanate-reactive composition in the presence of the blowing agent to form the polyurethane foam article.

The present invention relates to a method for producing foam and foam produced thereby. The method for producing foam includes a step for producing foam by kneading and injection molding a first extrusion product and a second extrusion product, wherein the first extrusion product is obtained by extruding a first composition including an aromatic vinyl-based resin, and the second extrusion product is obtained by extruding a second composition including a polyamide resin and a foaming agent.

Described herein is a method for the preparation of a rigid polyisocyanate based foam, including mixing (a) polyisocyanate, (b) at least one compound having at least two hydrogen atoms reactive towards isocyanates, (c) optionally flame retardant, (d) blowing agent, (e) catalyst and (f) optionally further additives, to form a reaction mixture and reacting the reaction mixture to obtain the polyurethane based rigid foam where the compound reactive towards isocyanates (b) includes an aromatic polyetherpolyol (b2) and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polyesterpolyol (b1) and a polyetherpolyol (b3) different from polyether (b2). Also described herein is a rigid polyisocyanate based foam obtained from such a method and a polyol component for the production of a polyisocyanate based foam.

Expandable, blowing agent-containing pellets based on high temperature thermoplastics having a glass transition temperature according to ISO 11357-2-1999 of at least 180° C., wherein the expandable, blowing agent-containing pellets comprise at least one nucleating agent and have a poured density according to DIN ISO 697:1982 in the range from 400 to 900 kg/m.sup.3 and a mass in the range from 1 to 5 mg/pellet, processes for production thereof and foam particles obtainable therefrom having a glass transition temperature according to ISO 11357-2-1999 of at least 180° C., wherein the expanded foam particles comprise at least one nucleating agent and have a poured density according to DIN ISO 697:1982 in the range from 10 to 200 kg/m.sup.3, and particle foams obtainable therefrom and the use thereof for producing components for aviation.

Inorganic infrared attenuation agent blends have been developed to improve the thermal insulation properties of polymeric foams such as polystyrene low density foams. The inorganic infrared attenuation agent blends can include two or more metal oxides such as silicon dioxide, manganese (IV) oxide, iron (III) oxide, magnesium oxide, bismuth (III) oxide, cobalt oxide, zirconium (IV) oxide, molybdenum (III) oxide, titanium oxide, and calcium oxide. In some preferred embodiments, the inorganic infrared attenuation agent blends can include four or more of these metal oxides.

A method for preparing a durably hydrophilic and uniform-pore ultrafiltration membrane is disclosed herein. Chemical reactions between the functional groups and the active bonds of the molecular chains in the membrane materials are initiated perform the grafting of hydrophilic chains on the polymer chains under conventional dissolution conditions of the polymer membrane material (dissolution with synchronized hydrophilization), so as to realize durable hydrophilization of the membrane materials. The resulting hydrophilized polymer solution (a nascent-state membrane) is introduced into a coagulation bath to initiate a crosslinking reaction among the hydrophilic chains. The resulting crosslinking serves to synergistically regulate subsequent phase separation and membrane formation (phase separation under synergistic crosslinking).

Inorganic infrared attenuation agent blends have been developed to improve the thermal insulation properties of polymeric foams such as polystyrene low density foams. The inorganic infrared attenuation agent blends can include two or more metal oxides such as silicon dioxide, manganese (IV) oxide, iron (III) oxide, magnesium oxide, bismuth (III) oxide, cobalt oxide, zirconium (IV) oxide, molybdenum (III) oxide, titanium oxide, and calcium oxide. In some preferred embodiments, the inorganic infrared attenuation agent blends can include four or more of these metal oxides.