Provided are burn protective materials and methods for making the same, and more particularly, flame-retardant composites with high flame-resistant additives and aqueous water-based bonding systems, and specifically those including a) a meltable layer; b) a heat reactive material comprising: a polymer resin comprising an aqueous acrylic resin, expandable graphite, at least one flame retardant (FR) additive, and at least one polyhydroxy compound; and c) an additional layer disposed on the heat reactive material so that the heat reactive material is between the meltable layer and the additional layer; wherein the textile composite has an afterflame of less than about 2 seconds.

A flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can be synthesized from arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can include reacting arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid and a flame retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule.

A flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can be synthesized from arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can include reacting arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid and a flame retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule.

A levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound, a process for forming a flame retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a material that contains a levoglucosan-based flame retardant polymer are disclosed. The levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound has phosphorus-based flame retardant functional groups. The process for forming the flame retardant polymer includes providing a phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule, providing levoglucosan, chemically reacting the phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule and the levoglucosan derivative to form a levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound, and incorporating the levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound into a polymer to form the levoglucosan-based flame retardant polymer.

The invention relates to a composition comprising an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and a compound of formula I-P, I-O or I-M ##STR00001##
Further embodiments are a compound of formula I-P, I-O or I-M, a process for protection of the organic material by the compound, the use of the compound for stabilizing the organic material, an additive composition comprising the compound, a process for manufacturing the compound and intermediates involved therein.

The invention relates to a composition comprising an organic material susceptible to oxidative, thermal or light-induced degradation and a compound of formula I-P, I-O or I-M ##STR00001##
Further embodiments are a compound of formula I-P, I-O or I-M, a process for protection of the organic material by the compound, the use of the compound for stabilizing the organic material, an additive composition comprising the compound, a process for manufacturing the compound and intermediates involved therein.

The invention relates to a mixture containing as component A at least one organic phosphinic acid salt and as component B at least one alkali metal stannate (M.sub.2SnO.sub.3), alkali metal hydroxyl stannate (M.sub.2Sn(OH).sub.6), alkaline earth metal stannate (MSnO.sub.3) and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxy stannate (MSn(OH).sub.6). The invention relates also to the use of such a mixture.

The invention relates to a mixture containing as component A at least one organic phosphinic acid salt and as component B at least one alkali metal stannate (M.sub.2SnO.sub.3), alkali metal hydroxyl stannate (M.sub.2Sn(OH).sub.6), alkaline earth metal stannate (MSnO.sub.3) and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxy stannate (MSn(OH).sub.6). The invention relates also to the use of such a mixture.

A flame-retardant sugar derivative, a process for forming a flame-retardant sugar derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame-retardant sugar derivative are disclosed. The flame-retardant sugar derivative can be synthesized from sorbitol, gluconic acid, or glucaric acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame-retardant sugar derivative can include reacting sorbitol, gluconic acid, or glucaric acid and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant sugar derivative.

A flame-retardant sugar derivative, a process for forming a flame-retardant sugar derivative, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame-retardant sugar derivative are disclosed. The flame-retardant sugar derivative can be synthesized from sorbitol, gluconic acid, or glucaric acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame-retardant sugar derivative can include reacting sorbitol, gluconic acid, or glucaric acid and a flame-retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame-retardant sugar derivative.