The invention relates to a mixture containing as component A at least one organic phosphinic acid salt and as component B at least one alkali metal stannate (M′.sub.2SnO.sub.3), alkali metal hydroxyl stannate (M′.sub.2Sn(OH).sub.6), alkaline earth metal stannate (M″SnO.sub.3) and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxy stannate (M″Sn(OH).sub.6). The invention relates also to the use of such a mixture.

A flame retardant composition containing a piperazine phosphate, a melamine phosphate, and an oil having a siloxane bond and a specific gravity of 0.930 to less than 0.970 at 25° C. The oil is present in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the sum of the piperazine phosphate and the melamine phosphate. The flame retardant composition preferably further contains 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the sum of the piperazine phosphate and the melamine phosphate, of a methylhydrogen silicone oil having hydrogen as part of the side chains of polysiloxane and a specific gravity of 0.970 to less than 1.01 at 25° C.

A flame retardant composition containing a piperazine phosphate, a melamine phosphate, and an oil having a siloxane bond and a specific gravity of 0.930 to less than 0.970 at 25° C. The oil is present in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the sum of the piperazine phosphate and the melamine phosphate. The flame retardant composition preferably further contains 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the sum of the piperazine phosphate and the melamine phosphate, of a methylhydrogen silicone oil having hydrogen as part of the side chains of polysiloxane and a specific gravity of 0.970 to less than 1.01 at 25° C.

A levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound, a process for forming a flame retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a polymer that contains the levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound. The levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound has phosphorus-based flame retardant functional groups. At least one of the phosphorus-based flame retardant groups includes a phenyl substituent. The process for forming the flame retardant polymer includes providing a phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule, providing levoglucosan, chemically reacting the phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule and the levoglucosan derivative to form a levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound, and incorporating the levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound into a polymer by covalent binding to form the levoglucosan-based flame retardant polymer.

A levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound, a process for forming a flame retardant polymer, and an article of manufacture comprising a polymer that contains the levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound. The levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound has phosphorus-based flame retardant functional groups. At least one of the phosphorus-based flame retardant groups includes a phenyl substituent. The process for forming the flame retardant polymer includes providing a phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule, providing levoglucosan, chemically reacting the phosphorus-based flame retardant molecule and the levoglucosan derivative to form a levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound, and incorporating the levoglucosan-based flame retardant compound into a polymer by covalent binding to form the levoglucosan-based flame retardant polymer.

A flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can be synthesized from arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can include reacting arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid and a flame retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule.

A flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, a process for forming a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule, and an article of manufacture comprising a flame retardant sugar-derived molecule are disclosed. The flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can be synthesized from arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid obtained from a bio-based source, and can have at least one phosphoryl or phosphonyl moiety. The process for forming the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule can include reacting arabitol, xylitol, arabic acid, or xylonic acid and a flame retardant phosphorus-based molecule to form the flame retardant sugar-derived molecule.

The present invention relates to a non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardant containing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an organic compound that supplies energy for life activity, a flame-retardant polymer resin having the non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardant coated thereon, and a method for preparing the same. The non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardant according to an embodiment of the present invention contains adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

The present invention relates to a non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardant containing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an organic compound that supplies energy for life activity, a flame-retardant polymer resin having the non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardant coated thereon, and a method for preparing the same. The non-halogenated phosphorus flame retardant according to an embodiment of the present invention contains adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

A resin composition includes: (A) a polyphenylene ether resin of Formula (1) and (B) a compound of Formula (3), and/or a compound of Formula (4), and/or a compound of Formula (5). An article is made from the resin composition. The article made from the resin composition may include a prepreg, a resin film, a laminate or a printed circuit board, and one or more properties including resin filling void, glass transition temperature, Z-axis ratio of thermal expansion, dielectric constant, dissipation factor, and warpage may be improved. ##STR00001##