Chemical structures that define cells in which operating material can be held, as well as compositions that contain such chemical structures and operating material, compositions for use in making such compositions, and methods for making all of the above. Compositions for use in making such chemical structures, comprising nuclear moiety precursor compounds and elongated moiety precursor compounds. Lattice structures comprising nuclear moieties (analogous to nodes) and elongated moieties (analogous to connectors extending between nodes). Articles comprising one or more of such compositions. Also, a structure that comprises a lattice structure/operating material region (comprising at least a first lattice structure (comprising a plurality of nuclear moieties and a plurality of elongated moieties) and at least a first operating material) and at least a first additional region.

Silicone compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided. The silicone coatings can exhibit improved dirt pick-up resistance and cleanability. The silicone compositions include a polysiloxane, at least one surfactant, and optionally one or more of a pigment, a filler, a crosslinker, an adhesion promoter, a catalyst, additives or solvents.

Silicone compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided. The silicone coatings can exhibit improved dirt pick-up resistance and cleanability. The silicone compositions include a polysiloxane, at least one surfactant, and optionally one or more of a pigment, a filler, a crosslinker, an adhesion promoter, a catalyst, additives or solvents.

A thermally conductive silicone composition comprises: (A) an organopolysiloxane having on average at least two alkenyl groups in a molecule; (B) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having on average at least two silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atoms in a molecule; (C) a hydrosilylation reaction catalyst; (D) a thermally conductive filler comprising: (D-1) a thermally conductive powder other than an aluminum nitride powder, the thermally conductive powder having a specific average particle diameter, (D-2) an aluminum nitride powder having a specific average particle diameter, and (D-3) a spherical aluminum oxide powder and/or a spherical magnesium oxide powder having a specific average particle diameter, respectively; and (E) a specific surface treating agent or wetting agent. The thermally conductive silicone composition has favorable handling and filling properties and cures to form a thermally conductive member having high thermal conductivity and in which the occurrence of internal cracks under high temperatures is suppressed.

Described in the present application are methods of producing silane-crosslinked polymer membranes at moderate temperatures using acid catalysts that, in certain embodiments, result in membranes with unexpectedly high permeabilities and selectivities. In certain embodiments, grafting and crosslinking of the silanes occur by immersing a preformed membrane in a solution comprising a silane and an acid catalyst. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, grafting of silanes to a polymer occurs in the presence of acid catalyst in solution and subsequent casting and drying produces crosslinked membranes. In certain embodiments, an acid catalyst is a weak acid catalyst. Also described in the present application are asymmetric crosslinked polymer membranes with porous layers. In certain embodiments, crosslinked cellulose acetate membranes have permeability up to an order of magnitude greater than the permeability of unmodified cellulose acetate membranes. The membranes have porous layers with a high porosity due to their processing in moderate conditions.

Described in the present application are methods of producing silane-crosslinked polymer membranes at moderate temperatures using acid catalysts that, in certain embodiments, result in membranes with unexpectedly high permeabilities and selectivities. In certain embodiments, grafting and crosslinking of the silanes occur by immersing a preformed membrane in a solution comprising a silane and an acid catalyst. Alternatively, in certain embodiments, grafting of silanes to a polymer occurs in the presence of acid catalyst in solution and subsequent casting and drying produces crosslinked membranes. In certain embodiments, an acid catalyst is a weak acid catalyst. Also described in the present application are asymmetric crosslinked polymer membranes with porous layers. In certain embodiments, crosslinked cellulose acetate membranes have permeability up to an order of magnitude greater than the permeability of unmodified cellulose acetate membranes. The membranes have porous layers with a high porosity due to their processing in moderate conditions.

Crosslinkable compositions based on organopolysiloxanes containing organyloxy groups may have low viscosities and self-leveling properties, and contain (A) organopolysiloxanes containing organyloxy groups of the formula (I)

R.sub.aR.sup.1.sub.b(OR.sup.2).sub.cSiO.sub.(4-a-b-c)/2  (I), (B) organosilicon compounds of the formula (II)

(R.sup.4O).sub.dSiR.sup.3.sub.(4-d)  (II),

and/or their partial hydrolysates, (C) organosilicon compounds containing basic nitrogen of the formula (III)

(R.sup.6O).sub.eSiR.sup.5.sub.(4-e)  (III),

and/or their partial hydrolysates, and (D) organosilicon compounds of the formula (IV)

(R.sup.8O).sub.hSiR.sup.7.sub.(4-h) and/or their partial hydrolysates.

Crosslinkable compositions based on organopolysiloxanes containing organyloxy groups may have low viscosities and self-leveling properties, and contain (A) organopolysiloxanes containing organyloxy groups of the formula (I)

R.sub.aR.sup.1.sub.b(OR.sup.2).sub.cSiO.sub.(4-a-b-c)/2  (I), (B) organosilicon compounds of the formula (II)

(R.sup.4O).sub.dSiR.sup.3.sub.(4-d)  (II),

and/or their partial hydrolysates, (C) organosilicon compounds containing basic nitrogen of the formula (III)

(R.sup.6O).sub.eSiR.sup.5.sub.(4-e)  (III),

and/or their partial hydrolysates, and (D) organosilicon compounds of the formula (IV)

(R.sup.8O).sub.hSiR.sup.7.sub.(4-h) and/or their partial hydrolysates.

The present invention is a polyimide varnish for conductor coating, which provides a polyimide varnish comprising: a polyamic acid solution prepared through polymerization of at least one dianhydride monomer and at least one diamine monomer in an organic solvent; an aromatic carboxylic acid having four or more carboxyl groups; an alkoxy silane coupling agent, and an antioxidant, wherein the polyimide varnish has a solid content of 15 to 38 wt % on the basis of the total weight thereof, and a viscosity at 23° C. of 500 to 9,000 cP, and the coated material prepared from the polyimide varnish has a degree of softening resistance of 520° C. or higher, and a breakdown voltage (BDV) of 8 kV/mm or higher.

The present invention is a polyimide varnish for conductor coating, which provides a polyimide varnish comprising: a polyamic acid solution prepared through polymerization of at least one dianhydride monomer and at least one diamine monomer in an organic solvent; an aromatic carboxylic acid having four or more carboxyl groups; an alkoxy silane coupling agent, and an antioxidant, wherein the polyimide varnish has a solid content of 15 to 38 wt % on the basis of the total weight thereof, and a viscosity at 23° C. of 500 to 9,000 cP, and the coated material prepared from the polyimide varnish has a degree of softening resistance of 520° C. or higher, and a breakdown voltage (BDV) of 8 kV/mm or higher.