To suppress a phenomenon where an optical axis of the optically anisotropic layer is tilted when the optically anisotropic layer is produced by using a liquid crystalline compound showing smectic phase as a materials showing a higher level of orderliness. An optically anisotropic layer wherein a polymerizable composition, containing one or more polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal compound showing a smectic phase, is fixed in a state of smectic phase, and a direction of maximum refractive index of the optically anisotropic layer is inclined at 10° or smaller to the surface of the optically anisotropic layer, a method for manufacturing the same, a laminate and a method for manufacturing the same, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display device, and an organic EL display device.

The present invention relates to an optical component comprising a liquid crystal (LC) medium, operable in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The invention further relates to the use of said LC medium in the infrared (IR) region and to devices comprising said optical component. The present invention further relates to an LC medium comprising one or more compounds of the formulae I, II, and III

##STR00001##

##STR00002##

##STR00003##

in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings defined in claim 1, and preferably one or more compounds of the formula RO

##STR00004##

in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings defined in claim 2.

A liquid-crystalline medium which comprises at least one compound selected from the group of compounds of the formulae IA to IH,

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in which Z.sup.1 denotes a single bond, —CH.sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH═CH—, —CH.sub.2O—, —OCH.sub.2—, —CF.sub.2O—, —OCF.sub.2—, —COO—, —OCO—, —C.sub.2F.sub.4—, —(CH.sub.2).sub.4—, —CHFCHF—, —CF.sub.2CH.sub.2—, —CH.sub.2CF.sub.2—, —C≡C—, —CF═CF—, —CH═CHCHO— or —CH.sub.2CF.sub.2O—,
and the use thereof for an active-matrix display, in particular based on the VA, PSA, PS-VA, PALC, FFS, PS-FFS, SA-VA, PS-IPS or IPS effect.

The invention relates to liquid-crystalline media which can be used, in particular, for electro-optical displays having active-matrix addressing based on the ECB effect and for IPS (in-plane switching) displays or FFS (fringe field switching) displays.

To suppress a phenomenon where an optical axis of the optically anisotropic layer is tilted when the optically anisotropic layer is produced by using a liquid crystalline compound showing smectic phase as a materials showing a higher level of orderliness. An optically anisotropic layer wherein a polymerizable composition, containing one or more polymerizable rod-like liquid crystal compound showing a smectic phase, is fixed in a state of smectic phase, and a direction of maximum refractive index of the optically anisotropic layer is inclined at 10° or smaller to the surface of the optically anisotropic layer, a method for manufacturing the same, a laminate and a method for manufacturing the same, a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal display device, and an organic EL display device.

Disclosed herein is a liquid crystal mixture applied in light compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula (I), component B comprised of one or more compounds selected from the group of compounds of formula (II), and component C comprised of one or more the liquid crystal mixture, wherein the liquid crystal mixture has higher stability of electrical performance and the light modulating device has improved optical performance.

##STR00001##

Liquid-crystalline media which can be used, in particular, for electro-optical displays having active-matrix addressing based on the ECB effect and for IPS (in-plane switching) displays or FFS (fringe field switching) displays.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device that includes a first substrate having an electrode A formed thereon; a second substrate having an electrode B formed thereon and being disposed to oppose the first substrate; and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and substantially vertically aligned with respect to the first and second substrates when no voltage is applied between electrodes, in which the electrode A has a fishbone pattern having a branched portion, and a space (S μm) between adjacent branches of branches of the fishbone pattern and an inter-substrate distance (d μm) between the first substrate and the second substrate satisfy a relationship of formula (1):
(d−0.6)/1.25<S<(d+1.1)/1.25  formula (1).

A highly thermally conductive epoxy compound, and a composition, a material for a semiconductor package, a molded product, an electric and electronic device, and a semiconductor package, each including the highly thermally conductive epoxy compound. The epoxy compound is represented by Chemical Formula 1 below and has at least one mesogenic naphthalene unit.
E.sub.1-M.sub.1-L.sub.1-M.sub.2-L.sub.2-M.sub.3-E.sub.2  Chemical Formula 1 In Chemical Formula 1, at least one of M.sub.1, M.sub.2, or M.sub.3, which are mesogenic units, is a naphthalene unit. M.sub.1, M.sub.2, M.sub.3, L.sub.1, L.sub.2, and E.sub.1 and E.sub.2 are as defined in the detailed description.

The invention relates to a compound of formula I,

##STR00001##

wherein R.sup.11, R.sup.21, A.sup.11, A, Z, X.sup.11, X.sup.21, Y.sup.11, Y.sup.12, Sp.sup.11, Sp.sup.21, o and p have one of the meanings as given in claim 1. The invention further relates to method of production of a compound of formula I, to the use of said compounds in LC media and to LC media comprising one or more compounds of formula I. Further, the invention relates to a method of production of such LC media, to the use of such media in LC devices, and to LC device comprising a LC medium according to the present invention. The present invention further relates to a process for the fabrication such liquid crystal display and to the use of the liquid crystal mixtures according to the invention for the fabrication of such liquid crystal display.