This disclosure relates to sulfurized derivatives made from functionalized monomers. The disclosure relates to lubricants, functional fluids, fuels, dispersants, detergents and functional compositions (e.g., cleaning solutions, food compositions, etc.)

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

A composition of an oil-soluble ionic detergent that does not contribute metal ions to the composition, and which comprises a quaternary non-metallic pnictogen cation and an organic anion having at least one hydrocarbyl group of sufficient length to impart oil solubility to the detergent, the detergent having a total base number (TBN) to total acid number (TAN) ratio of at least 2:1 imparts ash-free basicity to a lubricant composition.

Certain embodiments of the invention provide a lubricating oil composition comprising a lubricating oil base stock and a compound of formula (I):

##STR00001##

or a salt thereof, wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 have any of the values defined in the specification, as well as methods of use thereof.

Lubricating oil compositions and methods of their use are provided herein. A lubricating oil composition as described herein includes a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver in an amount of from about 1.5 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and a dispersant. The amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver includes a reaction product of an acylated olefin copolymer and a polyamine. The dispersant includes reaction product of components (A) a hydrocarbyl-dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5000 and (B) at least one polyamine, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with (C) an aromatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, or an aromatic anhydride, wherein all carboxylic acid or anhydride groups are attached directly to an aromatic ring, and/or (D) a non-aromatic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.

Lubricating oil compositions and methods of their use are provided herein. A lubricating oil composition as described herein includes a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver in an amount of from about 1.5 wt. % to 2.0 wt. % based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and a dispersant. The amine-functionalized olefin copolymer dispersant viscosity index improver includes a reaction product of an acylated olefin copolymer and a polyamine. The dispersant includes reaction product of components (A) a hydrocarbyl-dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of from about 500 to about 5000 and (B) at least one polyamine, wherein the reaction product is post-treated with (C) an aromatic carboxylic acid, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid, or an aromatic anhydride, wherein all carboxylic acid or anhydride groups are attached directly to an aromatic ring, and/or (D) a non-aromatic dicarboxylic acid or anhydride having a number average molecular weight of less than about 500.

The present invention relates to a simplified process for the pretreatment of metallic substrates for cold forming, wherein a metallic substrate is successively 1) preferably cleaned and subsequently rinsed, 2) preferably pickled and subsequently rinsed, 3) brought into contact with a water-based, acidic, reactive lubricant comprising a) oxalic acid, b) at least one accelerator which comprises nitroguanidine and/or at least one iron(III) source and c) at least one film former, at least one wax and/or at least one emulsified lubricating oil and 4) is optionally dried, where the at least one film former is selected from the group consisting of homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene, propylene, styrene, (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylate, vinylamine, vinylformamide, vinylpyrrolidone, vinylcaprolactam, vinyl acetate, vinylimidazole and/or epoxide and salts thereof and polyurethanes, polyamides, polyethylenimines, polyamines and salts thereof, where the at least one wax is selected from the group consisting of nonionic waxes and cationically stabilized waxes, and where the at least one emulsified lubricating oil is selected from the group consisting of synthetic oils, mineral oils, vegetable oils and animal oils, to a corresponding reactive lubricant and to a metallic substrate which has been pretreated by the process and the use thereof.

The lubricating oil composition includes an oil of lubricating viscosity, one or more compounds containing a carboxylic acid functional group or ester functional group the compound represented by

##STR00001##

each R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 is independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl group; at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, and R.sup.4 is a hydrocarbyl group; and a poly alkylene glycol represented by

##STR00002##

each R.sup.7, R.sup.8, and R.sup.9 is independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl group and n is from 5 to 1000.

Household lubricant compositions containing medium chain triglycerides are non-toxic and biodegradable. The lubricant compositions are made using vegetable oil components and stabilized using alcohol, an antioxidant, and a metal chelator. The lubricant compositions offer safe and environmentally friendly alternatives to petroleum-based lubricants, yet have similar lubricity and are more stable than naturally sourced vegetable oils. The compositions also can be used to clean and coat surfaces, including food preparation surfaces, and to prevent corrosion. Still further uses include sterilization and sanitation of surfaces and as a skin conditioner and lubricant.

Provided are a water-soluble metalworking oil agent (cutting oil agent or grinding oil agent) and a metalworking liquid, each of which has excellent cutting machining performance or grinding machining performance of aluminum or aluminum alloys, hardly causes rotting deterioration, and has excellent emulsion dispersion stability and stability of undiluted liquid, by containing specified components (A) to (E) as essential components without containing a machinability-improving agent with a high environmental load, such as chlorine, sulfur, and phosphorus. Provided is also a metalworking method using the same.