A non-phosphate coated metal material for plastic working includes a metal material, a coating layer formed on a surface of the metal material, and a lubrication layer on the coating layer. The coating layer includes calcium tetraborate. A method for manufacturing a non-phosphate coated metal material includes a pre-treatment process to remove foreign matters or scale from a surface of a metal material, a coating treatment process to form a coating layer on the surface of the metal material by dipping the metal material, which is subject to the pre-treatment process, into a coating agent, and a lubrication treatment process to form a lubrication layer on the coating layer through the contact between the coated metal material and a lubricating agent. The coating agent includes a non-phosphate treatment solution including at least one borate selected from sodium tetraborate and a hydrate thereof, sodium nitrite, calcium hydroxide, and water.

A non-phosphate coated metal material for plastic working includes a metal material, a coating layer formed on a surface of the metal material, and a lubrication layer on the coating layer. The coating layer includes calcium tetraborate. A method for manufacturing a non-phosphate coated metal material includes a pre-treatment process to remove foreign matters or scale from a surface of a metal material, a coating treatment process to form a coating layer on the surface of the metal material by dipping the metal material, which is subject to the pre-treatment process, into a coating agent, and a lubrication treatment process to form a lubrication layer on the coating layer through the contact between the coated metal material and a lubricating agent. The coating agent includes a non-phosphate treatment solution including at least one borate selected from sodium tetraborate and a hydrate thereof, sodium nitrite, calcium hydroxide, and water.

A method of lubricating metal articles (6), in particular those made of steel, comprising the application (4) of a dispersion comprising a lubricant oil and a lubricant powder to an article to be drawn. A drawing method comprising the lubrication as described above and a lubricant dispersion.

One or more embodiments presently described are directed to lubricants and methods for making such lubricants. According to one embodiment, a lubricant suitable for use in a water-based drilling fluid may comprise one or more alkyl esters and a fatty acid blend comprising at least palmitic acid and stearic acid. The sum of the weight percent of the palmitic acid and stearic acid may be at least 50 wt. % of the fatty acid blend. The weight ratio of the one or more alkyl esters to the fatty acid blend may be from 1:1 to 3:1. The molar ratio of palmitic acid to stearic acid may be from 20:80 to 40:60.

One or more embodiments presently described are directed to lubricants and methods for making such lubricants. According to one embodiment, a lubricant suitable for use in a water-based drilling fluid may comprise one or more alkyl esters and a fatty acid blend comprising one or more medium-chain fatty acids. The one or more medium-chain fatty acids may be at least 50 weight percent (wt. %) of the fatty acid blend. The weight ratio of the one or more alkyl esters to the fatty acid blend may be from 1:1 to 3:1.

Compositions comprising an activated oil blend in a coordination entity are provided. Also provided are compositions comprising a haloalkane complex can be used as a refrigerant. The compositions can increase the energy efficiency and reduces leakage rates of refrigeration systems. Some compositions comprise at least 0.1 wt % of an oleic oil fatty acid, 0.1 wt % of a linoleic oil fatty acid, and at least 98 wt % of a heat transfer fluid including, for example R-134a. Some compositions comprise an oil blend comprising an oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio of approximately 60:1. At least some of the heat transfer fluid can be complexed with at least one of the organic oil fatty acids.

A lubric gel composition for personal defense is provided which includes a fatty acid at a concentration ranging from 5 wt % to 10 wt % of the composition, a thickening agent at a concentration ranging from 1.75 wt % to 8.75 wt % of the composition, a detergent at a concentration ranging from 1.03 wt % to 4.07 wt % of the composition, a surfactant at a concentration ranging from 2 wt % to 15 wt % of the composition, and water at a concentration ranging from 66 wt % to 90.21 wt % of the composition.

The present invention provides metal shaping compositions and processes for using same for shaping metal substrates. Specifically, the metal shaping composition discussed herein are environmentally-friendly, water-containing composition which provide excellent lubricity under metal shaping process conditions while also providing excellent rust protection. The metal shaping compositions discussed herein contain (i) a film-forming lubricant capable of being solubilized into water in dispersible or emulsifiable form and which softens at a temperature of about 80 to about 200 C.; (ii) a film forming polymeric binder capable of being solubilized into water in dispersible or emulsifiable form; (iii) a solid lubricant capable of being solubilized into water in dispersible or emulsifiable form; and (iv) a corrosion inhibitor.

A slide member having a slide surface (14) coated with a lacquer comprising a resin(16). The lacquer is in turn at least partly coated with a lipophilic composition coating (18). The lipophilic composition coating provides a slide layer (19) on the slide member with low friction.

This disclosure relates to cold cranking simulator viscosity (CCSV) boosting base stocks that allow flexibility for engine oil formulations to meet both high and low temperature viscosity requirements while maximizing fuel efficiency. The CCSV-boosting base stocks can include C28-C60 hydrocarbon materials, linear esters, tertiary amides, dialkyl carbonates, aromatic alcohols, and aromatic ethers. This disclosure also relates to lubricating oil formulations containing the CCSV-boosting base stocks, and a method for improving fuel efficiency in an engine by using as the engine oil a lubricating oil formulation containing one or more of the CCSV-boosting base stocks and/or cobase stocks.