A method for enhancing activity selected from the group consisting of cytokine production capacity, proliferation capacity, engraftment capacity, angiogenesis-inducing capacity, and tissue regeneration capacity in a graft, particularly in a sheet-shaped cell culture containing a somatic cell, involves incubating the graft at a temperature of 25° C. or higher.

This invention relates to a method for repairing and reconstructing a damaged or non-functional muscle, in particular to a method and a tool kit using in vitro primed motor endplate-expressing muscle progenitor cells (MPCs) to promote innervation of the damaged or non-functional muscle using an agent without any genetic manipulation. This method is particularly useful for repairing or reconstructing damaged or non-functional head and neck muscles, and urinary detrusor bladder muscle.

Disclosed are methods of inducing differentiation of stem into myogenic cells without gene manipulation and for inducing proliferation of satellite cells. The cells can be used as a source of cells for transplantation in a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed is a screening assay for screening test compounds using blastomere cultures.

The invention provides a quiescent stem cell having the capacity to differentiate into ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm, and which does not express cell surface markers including MHC class I, MHC class II, CD44, CD45, CD13, CD34, CD49c, CD73, CD105 and CD90. The invention further provides a proliferative stem cell, which expresses genes including Oct-4, Nanog, Sox2, GDF3, P16INK4, BMI, Notch, HDAC4, TERT, Rex-1 and TWIST but does not express cell surface markers including MHC class I, MHC class II, CD44, CD45, CD13, CD34, CD49c, CD73, CD105 and CD90. The cells of the invention can be isolated from adult mammals, have embryonic cell characteristics, and can form embryoid bodies. Methods for obtaining the stem cells, as well as methods of treating diseases and the differentiated stem cells, are also provided.

In related-art methods of differentiating pluripotent stem cells into a desired cell type, there has not been established a differentiation induction method using human ES/iPS cells and being highly efficient. Many attempts have been made, including a stepwise differentiation induction method based on the control of culture conditions or the addition of, for example, various cell growth factors/differentiation factors to a culture solution, but the use of complicated culture steps is a big problem. A method of inducing differentiation into a desired cell type within a short period of time and with high efficiency by use of a pluripotent stem cell that actively undergoes cell differentiation, which is obtained by reducing an undifferentiated state of the pluripotent stem cell, has been developed, and thus the present invention has been completed.

A method is disclosed for modifying a sheet-shaped cell culture containing at least two types of cells. The method includes soaking the sheet-shaped cell culture in a low nutrient isotonic solution; and changing a content ratio of the at least two cell types constituting the sheet-shaped cell culture.

Several methods are described for generating mycelial scaffolds for use several technologies. In one embodiment, a mycelial scaffold is generated using a perfusion bioreactor system for cell-based meat technologies. In another embodiment, a mycelial scaffold is prepared for biomedical applications. The mycelial scaffolds may be generated from a liquid medium or from a solid substrate.

The present disclosure relates to the field of genetic engineering, in particular to a method for overexpressing IL-15 in porcine skeletal myoblasts and use thereof. In the present disclosure, the porcine IL-15 gene is transferred into the lentiviral vector and then the lentiviral vector is transferred into the porcine skeletal myoblasts, so that IL-15 is successfully overexpressed in the porcine skeletal myoblasts. The method for overexpressing IL-15 provided by the present disclosure solves the problem that IL-15 needs to be added multiple times and the steps are complicated in the traditional research process. The present disclosure demonstrates that overexpression of IL-15 has a regulating effect on proliferation, cell apoptosis, anti-oxidation capacity of the porcine skeletal myoblasts, which charts a course for further study of IL-15.

Systems and methods of the present disclosure include a cell culture, a method for producing the cell culture, a kit for producing the cell culture, a method for treating inflammatory disease using the cell culture, and the like, for treating inflammatory disease. The cell culture containing cells can be derived from skeletal muscle.

In related-art methods of differentiating pluripotent stem cells into a desired cell type, there has not been established a differentiation induction method using human ES/iPS cells and being stable and highly efficient. A method of inducing differentiation into a desired cell type within a short period of time and with high efficiency by attenuating differentiation resistance of a pluripotent stem cell to generate a pluripotent stem cell that actively proceeds to a differentiated cell type has been found, and thus the present invention has been completed.