The present disclosure relates to a microorganism of the genus Corynebacterium producing 5-xanthosine monophosphate and a method for producing 5-xanthosine monophosphate using the same.

Disclosed are methods for chemoenzymatic synthesis of S-Nucleosyl Amino acid probes (SNA), analogs of S-adeno-syl-L-methionine and S-adenosyl-L-homo-cysteine, analogs synthesized by the methods, and uses thereof.

Disclosed are methods for chemoenzymatic synthesis of S-Nucleosyl Amino acid probes (SNA), analogs of S-adeno-syl-L-methionine and S-adenosyl-L-homo-cysteine, analogs synthesized by the methods, and uses thereof.

Inspired by the discovery that environmental heat energy can be isothermally utilized through electrostatically localized protons at a liquid-membrane interface to do useful work such as driving ATP synthesis, the present invention discloses an innovative energy renewal method with making and using an asymmetric function-gated isothermal electricity production system comprising at least one pair of a low work function thermal electron emitter and a high work function electron collector across a barrier space installed in a container with electric conductor support to enable energy recycle process functions with utilization of environmental heat energy isothermally for at least one of: a) utilization of environmental heat energy for energy renewing of fully dissipated waste heat energy from the environment to generate electricity to do useful work; b) providing a novel cooling function for a new type of refrigerator by isothermally extracting environmental heat energy from inside the refrigerator while generating isothermal electricity.

Inspired by the discovery that environmental heat energy can be isothermally utilized through electrostatically localized protons at a liquid-membrane interface to do useful work such as driving ATP synthesis, the present invention discloses an innovative energy renewal method with making and using an asymmetric function-gated isothermal electricity production system comprising at least one pair of a low work function thermal electron emitter and a high work function electron collector across a barrier space installed in a container with electric conductor support to enable energy recycle process functions with utilization of environmental heat energy isothermally for at least one of: a) utilization of environmental heat energy for energy renewing of fully dissipated waste heat energy from the environment to generate electricity to do useful work; b) providing a novel cooling function for a new type of refrigerator by isothermally extracting environmental heat energy from inside the refrigerator while generating isothermal electricity.

The present invention discloses a production method of enzymatic reaction using adenosine instead of ATP. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding ATP regeneration enzyme, AK enzyme and adenosine in proportion to carry out an enzymatic reaction in an enzymatic reaction system; (2) separating the ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by either directly separating ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme immobilized in a reaction tank or separating free ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by an ultrafiltration membrane in a filter; and (3) separating and purifying the filtrate of step (2) to obtain a product. The disclosed method provides: greatly reduced industrial production costs; faster reaction rate; stable enzyme recovery system that is energy efficient and environmentally friendly; and capability of reusing the byproducts or collecting them for the production of ATP.

The present invention discloses a production method of enzymatic reaction using adenosine instead of ATP. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding ATP regeneration enzyme, AK enzyme and adenosine in proportion to carry out an enzymatic reaction in an enzymatic reaction system; (2) separating the ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by either directly separating ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme immobilized in a reaction tank or separating free ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by an ultrafiltration membrane in a filter; and (3) separating and purifying the filtrate of step (2) to obtain a product. The disclosed method provides: greatly reduced industrial production costs; faster reaction rate; stable enzyme recovery system that is energy efficient and environmentally friendly; and capability of reusing the byproducts or collecting them for the production of ATP.

Cyclic dinucleotides are described, which in contrast to their natural congeners carry lipophilic nucleobases and have higher membrane permeability and increased biological activity.

Cyclic dinucleotides are described, which in contrast to their natural congeners carry lipophilic nucleobases and have higher membrane permeability and increased biological activity.

The present invention discloses a production method of enzymatic reaction using adenosine instead of ATP. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding ATP regeneration enzyme, AK enzyme and adenosine in proportion to carry out an enzymatic reaction in an enzymatic reaction system; (2) separating the ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by either directly separating ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme immobilized in a reaction tank or separating free ATP regeneration enzyme and AK enzyme by an ultrafiltration membrane in a filter; and (3) separating and purifying the filtrate of step (2) to obtain a product. The disclosed method provides: greatly reduced industrial production costs; faster reaction rate; stable enzyme recovery system that is energy efficient and environmentally friendly; and capability of reusing the byproducts or collecting them for the production of ATP.