A method of melting and refining an alloy comprises vacuum induction melting starting materials to provide a vacuum induction melted alloy. At least a portion of the vacuum induction melted alloy is electroslag remelted to provide an electroslag remelted alloy. At least a portion of the vacuum arc remelted alloy is vacuum arc remelted to provide a singly vacuum arc remelted alloy. At least a portion of the singly vacuum arc remelted alloy is vacuum arc remelted to provide a doubly vacuum arc remelted alloy. In various embodiments, a composition of the vacuum induction melted alloy comprises primarily one of vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold.

The present invention provides a method for producing a ring-rolled material of an Fe—Ni based superalloy which inhibits AGG, has a fine-grained structure having an ASTM grain size number of at least 8, and has high circularity. A method for producing a ring-rolled material of an Fe—Ni based superalloy having a composition of an Alloy 718 comprises: heating a ring-shaped material for ring rolling having the composition, in a temperature range of 900° C. to 980° C., and performing finishing ring rolling, as a finishing ring rolling step; heating the ring-rolled material that has been subjected to the finishing ring rolling, in a temperature range of 980 to 1010° C.; and correcting ellipticalness while expanding a diameter of the ring-rolled material by using a ring expander.

A method of producing a ferritic heat-resistant steel welded joint, the method including: a multi-layer welding step in which a ferritic heat-resistant steel base material including B at 0.006% by mass to 0.023% by mass is multi-layer welded using a Ni-based welding material for heat-resistant alloy, wherein root pass welding is performed under a welding condition such that a ratio of an area [S.sub.BM] that has been melted of the ferritic heat-resistant steel base material to an area [S.sub.WM] of a weld metal, in a transverse cross-section of a weldment after the root pass welding but before second pass welding in the multi-layer welding step, satisfies the following formula (1): 0.1≤[S.sub.BM]/[S.sub.WM]≤−50×[% B.sub.BM]+1.3, with respect to a mass percent of B, [% B.sub.BM], which is included in the ferritic heat-resistant steel base material.

A low melt superalloy powder mixture is provided for use with additive manufacturing or welding metal components or portions thereof. The low melt superalloy powder may include by weight about 9.5% to about 10.5% chromium, about 2.9% to about 3.4% cobalt, about 8.0% to about 9.0% aluminum, about 3.8% to about 4.3% tungsten, about 0.8% to about 1.2% molybdenum, about 10% to about 20% tantalum, about 3% to about 12% hafnium, and at least 40% nickel.

The present invention provides a Ni-based alloy that is hot-workable and exhibits an excellent high-temperature strength, and provides a heat-resistant plate material using the same. This Ni-based alloy is composed of, by mass, C: 0.002 to 0.10%, Si: less than 1.0%, Mn: up to 1.0%, P: up to 0.04% (including 0%), S: up to 0.01% (including 0%), Cr: 15.0 to 25.0%, Co: 0.1 to 18.0%, Mo: not less than 2.0% and less than 4.0%, Al: 3.0 to 5.0%, Ti: not less than 0.01% and less than 0.5%, Zr: 0.01 to 0.1%, B: 0.001 to 0.015%, Fe: up to 3.0%, Mg or Mg+0.6×Ca: 0.0005 to 0.01%, N: up to 0.01% (including 0%), O: up to 0.005% (including 0%), and the balance of Ni with inevitable impurities, S/Mg or S/(Mg+0.6×Ca) being up to 1.0, and a G value represented by the following formula (1) being 30 to 45.
G=7+0.11Cr+8.23Al+4.66Ti−0.13(Ni+Co)  (1)

A high-temperature nickel-base alloy consists of (in wt. %): C: 0.04-0.1%, S: max. 0.01%, N: max. 0.05%, Cr: 24-28%, Mn: max. 0.3%, Si: max. 0.3%, Mo: 1-6%, Ti: 0.5-3%, Nb: 0.001-0.1%, Cu: max. 0.2%, Fe: 0.1-0.7%, P: max. 0.015%, Al: 0.5-2%, Mg: max. 0.01%, Ca: max. 0.01%, V: 0.01-0.5%, Zr: max. 0.1%, W: 0.2-2%, Co: 17-21%, B: max. 0.01%, O: max. 0.01%, with the rest being Ni, as well as melting-related impurities.

A powder has the contents (in wt. %): C max. 0.5%, S max. 0.15%, in particular max. 0.03%, N max. 0.25%, Cr 14-35%, in particular 17-28%, Ni radical (>38%), Mn max. 4%, Si max. 1.5%, Mo >0-22%, Ti <4%, in particular <3.25%, Nb up to 6.0%, Cu up to 3%, in particular up to 0.5%, Fe <50%, P max. 0.05%, in particular max. 0.04%, Al up to 3.15%, in particular up to 2.5%, Mg max. 0.015%, V max. 0.6%, Zr max. 0.12%, in particular max. 0.1%, W up to 4.5%, in particular up to max. 3%, Co up to 28%, B<0.125%, O>0.00001-0.1% and impurities due to production, wherein Ni+Fe+Co represents 56-80% Nb+Ta<6.0%.

A nickel-based alloy for powder has the contents (in wt.%): C 0.01-0.5%, S max. 0.5%, in particular max. 0.03%, Cr 20-25%, Ni radical Mn max. 1%, Si max. 1%, Mo up to 10%, Ti 0.25-0.6%, Nb up to 5.5%, Cu up to 5%, in particular up to 0.5%, Fe up to 25%, P max. 0.03%, in particular max. 0.02%, Al 0.8-1.5%, V max. 0.6%, Zr max. 0.12%, in particular max. 0.1%, Co up to 15%, B 0.001-0.125% O >0.00001-0.1% and impurities dependent on production. The carbon to boron ratio (C/B) is between 4 and 25.

Nickel alloys, methods of making nickel alloys, articles including the nickel alloys, uses of the alloys, and methods of treating nickel alloys are described. The inventive heat resistant structural materials are suitable for applications requiring high yield stress at room temperature and good creep strength at high temperatures, such as in gas turbines, steam turbines, fossil energy boilers, aero engines, power generation systems using fluids such as supercritical carbon dioxide (e.g., advanced ultra-supercritical power plants), concentrated solar power plants, nuclear power plants, molten salt reactors: turbine blades, casings, valves, heat exchangers and recuperators.

A roll-bonded clad metal sheet and a method for producing a roll-bonded clad metal sheet is provided. The roll-bonded clad sheet includes a metallic base material layer and a metallic cladding material layer which are joined to one another by a metallurgical bond. The metallic cladding material layer includes a nickel-based material whose chemical composition includes, in % by mass, a proportion of more than 50% of Ni and a proportion of 3.1% of Nb. The metallurgical bond is obtained by a thermomechanical rolling process including a first rolling phase for prerolling, a second rolling phase for final forming and a cooling time between the first rolling phase and the second rolling phase, wherein a final rolling temperature of the second rolling phase is set to a value equal to or less than 880° C.