The present disclosure discloses a method for realizing macroscopic super-lubrication by a matching pair of nano metal-coated steel balls and hydrogen-containing carbon films, which is based on the use of nano metal-coated steel balls and diamond-like films with a hydrogen content of 25-30% as the matching pair. Further, a tribochemical reaction occurs through the catalytic action of nano metal during the friction process to form a nano graphene transfer film with incommensurate contact at the contact interface to achieve macroscopic super-lubrication.

The present invention relates to methods of forming a film between two surfaces, in which the film includes diamond-like carbon. Also provided herein are uses of such films, such in sliding contacts and in metal coatings.

Provided is a piston ring having excellent low-friction properties and abrasion resistance manufactured without the need for precision control using an ordinary film formation device that does not have a special function. A piston ring obtained by coating an amorphous carbon film on the surface of a ring-shaped substrate, the piston ring being configured so that the amorphous carbon film is formed by CVD, an increase region, in which the ratio sp.sup.2/sp.sup.3 of the sp.sup.2 bond to the sp.sup.3 bond continuously increases from the substrate surface toward the film surface, and a decrease region, in which the ratio sp.sup.2/sp.sup.3 continuously decreases, are formed in alternating fashion, a soft film in which the ratio sp.sup.2/sp.sup.3 is low and a hard film in which the ratio sp.sup.2/sp.sup.3 is high are formed so as to be layered in alternating fashion by continuous variation of the ratio sp.sup.2/sp.sup.3 in the boundary between the increase region and the decrease region, and the decrease regions are formed in equal number to or with one region less than the number of increase regions.

A lubricant free firing weapon is provided having amorphous, solid, diamond-like carbon coating (DLC) containing sp3, sp2 carbons and hydrogen bonded to the metallic operating parts. Such firing weapons may further include physical modifications to the bolt carrier rails to enhance the expulsion of sand/dust on the bolt carrier under extreme environments. Also provided herein are plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition processes for producing such lubricant free weapons having coat thicknesses of 1 m-25 m which allows for reliable operation under all environmental conditions including extreme environments such as hot/cold and sand/dust without the need for lubrication.

A method of forming a coating including providing a component within a mesh cage in a chamber, wherein the mesh cage is coupled to a first power supply and the component is coupled to a second power supply. A coating is deposited on the component, wherein depositing the coating includes supplying a coating precursor gas to the chamber, applying a pulsed voltage to the mesh cage with the first power supply generating a plasma, and applying a voltage to the component. The method may provide a diamond-like coated component includes diamond-like carbon coating on the surface of the component exhibiting a thickness in the range of 10 m to 40 m and a hardness, as determined by nanoindentation, in the range of 10 GPa to 25 GPa.

A method for creating an enhanced multipaction resistant diamond-like coating (DLC) coating with lower Secondary Electron Emission (SEE) properties is performed on an initial surface by etching a DLC coating deposited on the surface after deposition and optionally creating interlayers to enhance adhesion mechanical properties between the DLC coating and the initial surface.

A method of growing a single crystal diamond material synthesized using a homoepitaxial chemical vapor deposition process. The method includes the steps of placing a free-standing diamond starting seed substrate on a substrate holder within a reaction chamber for chemical vapor deposition; feeding a process gas into the reaction chamber, the process gas including hydrogen gas; igniting a plasma within the reaction chamber to activate the process gas by adjusting the substrate temperature to increase to a first target substrate temperature; adding a carbon-containing gas to the process gas once the substrate temperature is at or near the first target substrate temperature to initiate diamond growth; and adjusting the substrate temperature to a second target substrate temperature that is different from the first target substrate temperature during the diamond growth.

An apparatus for fabricating diamond by carbon assembly, which comprises: a) a hydrocarbon radical generator in operable connection with b) a mass flow conduit extending from the hydrocarbon radical generator in a) to an interface and into a primary magnetic accelerator containing one or more electromagnets in operable connection with c) a diamond fabrication reactor comprising a diamond forming deposition substrate.

There are provided a food container having a silicon incorporated diamond like carbon (Si-DLC) layer and a method thereof. The food container includes a container made of a plastic material; an intermediate thin layer formed on a surface of the container; and a Si-DLC layer formed on the intermediate thin layer. Accordingly, it is possible to provide porous plastic container having a Si-DLC layer and a manufacturing method thereof, which can implement high oxygen barrier properties and excellent mechanical characteristics by stably depositing a Si-DLC layer on a food container having lower surface energy without breaking the Si-DLC layer.

A substrate holder having a base plate where a plurality of protruding poles is arranged, said poles spaced apart from one another by intermediate spaces. Alternatively or in addition, a plasma reactor for depositing diamond from the gas phase may be provided, the plasma reactor comprising such a substrate holder. A method for depositing diamond from the gas phase may be provided.