An electroless nickel-copper-phosphorous coating includes at least about 30% by weight Cu: about 5% to about 15% by weight P; and the balance Ni, with incidental impurities. The electroless nickel-copper-phosphorus coating exhibits antipathogenic properties and enhanced wear when deposited on a substrate.

A method for producing a corrosion resistant metal substrate and corrosion resistant metal substrate provided thereby. The method involves forming a plated substrate including a metal substrate provided with a nickel layer or with a nickel and cobalt layer followed by electrodepositing a molybdenum oxide layer from an aqueous solution onto the plated substrate, which is subsequently subjected to an annealing step in a reducing atmosphere to reduce the molybdenum oxide in the molybdenum oxide layer to molybdenum metal in a reduction annealing step and to form a diffusion layer which contains nickel and molybdenum, and optionally cobalt.

A method for producing a corrosion resistant metal substrate and corrosion resistant metal substrate provided thereby. The method involves forming a plated substrate including a metal substrate provided with a nickel layer or with a nickel and cobalt layer followed by electrodepositing a molybdenum oxide layer from an aqueous solution onto the plated substrate, which is subsequently subjected to an annealing step in a reducing atmosphere to reduce the molybdenum oxide in the molybdenum oxide layer to molybdenum metal in a reduction annealing step and to form a diffusion layer which contains nickel and molybdenum, and optionally cobalt.

There is disclosed a substrate with an electron donating surface, characterized in having metal particles on said surface, said metal particles comprising palladium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of gold, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, wherein the amount of said metal particles is from about 0.001 to about 8 g/cm.sup.2. Examples of coated objects include contact lenses, pacemakers, pacemaker electrodes, stents, dental implants, rupture nets, rupture mesh, blood centrifuge equipment, surgical instruments, gloves, blood bags, artificial heart valves, central venous catheters, peripheral venous catheters, vascular ports, haemodialysis equipment, peritoneal dialysis equipment, plasmapheresis devices, inhalation drug delivery devices, vascular grafts, arterial grafts, cardiac assist devices, wound dressings, intermittent catheters, ECG electrodes, peripheral stents, bone replacing implants, orthopaedic implants, orthopaedic devices, tissue replacing implants, intraocular lenses, sutures, needles, drug delivery devices, endotracheal tubes, shunts, drains, suction devices, hearing aid devices, urethral medical devices, and artificial blood vessels.

Methods of enhancing the corrosion resistance of an oxidizable material exposed to a supercritical fluid is disclosed One method includes placing a surface layer on an oxidizable material, and choosing a buffered supercritical fluid containing a reducing agent with the composition of the buffered supercritical fluid containing the reducing agent chosen to avoid the corrosion of the surface layer or reduce the rate of corrosion of the surface layer and avoid the corrosion of the oxidizable material or reduce the rate of corrosion of the oxidizable material at a temperature above the supercritical temperature and supercritical pressure of the supercritical fluid.

Systems and methods that entail polymeric fibers produced via an electrospinning process, and metallic nanostructures adhered to surfaces of the polymeric fibers via an electroless deposition process. Suitable materials for the polymeric fibers and metallic nanostructures include polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers and copper nanostructures, respectively.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic wave penetrative metal film having high mass productivity and an extremely low attenuation rate in the electromagnetic wave penetrated through, a manufacturing method of the electromagnetic wave penetrative metal film, and a radome for a vehicle-mounted radar devices using the electromagnetic wave penetrative metal file. To achieve the object, the present invention provides an electromagnetic wave penetrative metal film composed of more than 10000 of fine metal film pieces per unit area (1 mm.sup.2) provided on a surface of a substrate through an electroless plating step, wherein fine metal film pieces adjacent to each other are electrically isolated, a manufacturing method of the electromagnetic wave penetrative metal film, and a radome for a vehicle-mounted radar devices using the electromagnetic wave penetrative metal film.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method of simply manufacturing a conductive laminate which has a three-dimensional shape including a curved surface and in which a metal layer is disposed on the curved surface, a conductive laminate, a plated layer-attached substrate, a plated layer precursor layer-attached substrate, and a touch sensor.

The method of manufacturing the conductive laminate having three-dimensional shape including a curved surface according to the present invention includes: Step A of forming a pattern-shaped plated layer precursor layer including a predetermined compound on a substrate to obtain a plated layer precursor layer-attached substrate; Step B of deforming a plated layer precursor layer-attached substrate such that at least a portion of the plated layer precursor layer is deformed to form a three-dimensional shape including a curved surface; Step C of applying energy to the plated layer precursor layer to form a pattern-shaped plated layer; and Step D of applying a plating catalyst or a precursor thereof to the pattern-shaped plated layer, and then performing a plating treatment to form a pattern-shaped metal layer on the plated layer.

The present invention comprises methods and compositions for antimicrobial silver compositions comprising silver nanoparticles. The present invention further comprises compositions for preparing silver nanoparticles comprising at least one stabilizing agent, one or more silver compounds, at least one reducing agent and a solvent. In one aspect, the stabilizing agent comprises a surfactant or a polymer. The polymer may comprise polymers such as polyacrylamides, polyurethanes, and polyamides. In one aspect, the silver compound comprises a salt comprising a silver cation and an anion. The anion may comprise saccharinate derivatives, long chain fatty acids, and alkyl dicarboxylates. The methods of the present invention comprise treating devices with the silver nanoparticle compositions, including, but not limited to, such devices as woven wound care materials, catheters, patient care devices, and collagen matrices. The present invention further comprises treatment of humans and animals wacr6ith the antimicrobial devices described herein.

The invention concerns a substrate with an electron donating surface with metal particles on the surface. The particles comprise palladium and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of gold, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, iridium, and platinum. The amount of said metal particles is from about 0.001 to about 8 g/cm.sup.2. Examples of coated objects include contact lenses, pacemakers, pacemaker electrodes, stents, dental implants, rupture nets, rupture mesh, blood centrifuge equipment, surgical instruments, gloves, blood bags, artificial heart valves, central venous catheters, peripheral venous catheters, vascular ports, haemodialysis equipment, peritoneal dialysis equipment, plasmapheresis devices, inhalation drug delivery devices, vascular grafts, arterial grafts, cardiac assist devices, wound dressings, intermittent catheters, ECG electrodes, peripheral stents, bone replacing implants, orthopedic implants, orthopedic devices, tissue replacing implants, intraocular lenses, sutures, needles, drug delivery devices, endotracheal tubes, shunts, drains, suction devices, hearing aid devices, urethral medical devices, and artificial blood vessels.