A method and apparatus for treating waste water utilizing two energized agitated electrochemical reaction reactor units (each utilizing approximately 10 amps per gallon) with a reaction time of approximately 5 minutes wherein the first reaction vessel has a pH below 7 and a second reaction vessel has a pH of above the pH of the first reaction vessel and the effluent flows from a first agitated electrochemical reaction vessel to a degassing tank and then flows to a second agitated electrochemical reaction vessel and then to a flocculation tank.

There are provided processes for treating wastewater. The processes can comprise treating a mixture comprising the wastewater and an activated sludge, in a single reactor, with an electric current having a density of less than about 55 A/m.sup.2, by means of at least one anode and at least one cathode that define therebetween an electrical zone for treating the mixture; exposing the mixture to an intermittent ON/OFF electrical exposure mode to the electric current in which an OFF period of time is about 1 to about 10 times longer than an ON period of time; and maintaining an adequate oxidation-reduction potential in the single reactor. Such processes allow for substantial removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater in the single reactor of various forms and for obtaining another mixture comprising a treated wastewater and solids.

A rod-shaped electrolysis device having an electrically conductive housing, wherein in the housing, a receiving space for at least one voltage source and an electronic control unit is embodied which is separated from an electrode space formed in the housing in a liquid-tight manner, and wherein an electrode extends within the electrode space, and wherein in the housing, at least one opening is formed in the region of the electrode space. The electrolysis device is characterized in that the housing comprises a receiving socket which is electrically connected both with the housing and the electrode. Via the receiving socket, the residual voltage of a voltage source and also the charging of a rechargeable voltage source may be measured. Furthermore, a data memory may be read out via the receiving socket.

A portable water bottle includes a water bottle body having water stored therein; and a sterilizing module for irradiating the inside of the water bottle body with sterilizing ultraviolet rays. The sterilizing module further includes a housing having an ultraviolet outlet through which the sterilizing ultraviolet rays pass; a light source module for emitting the sterilizing ultraviolet rays; and a power storage member for supplying power to the light source module.

An apparatus that can be connected to a conventional sprayer bottle that permits the sprayer bottle to generate ozonated and ionized water to be used as a cleaning fluid. The apparatus includes an ozonator element submerged in the bottle water via a first electrical conductor and an ionizer lead submerged in the water via a second electrical conductor which is connected to an ionizer that is not submerged. Respective apertures are formed in the sidewall of the bottle, each having respective electrical connectors to permit the respective electrical connections to different power sources. The dip tube of the spray head is then passed through the top opening and into the water in the bottle and the spray head is secured onto the bottle. Electrical energy is provided through the respective conductors to ozonate and ionize the water in the bottle for use a cleaning agent. Humidifier or vaporizer versions of this invention provide an ozonated and ionized water mist or vapor.

The invention relates to a device, including: a channel including an inlet at a first end of the channel and an outlet at a second end of the channel; a cathode arranged in the channel, which cathode includes a first segment selected from titanium, stainless steel and titanium provided with a mixed metal oxide coating layer including ruthenium oxide and/or iridium oxide and a second segment including carbon, such as a carbon (felt) segment, arranged downstream of the first segment, an anode, arranged in the channel, selected from titanium or, stainless steel and titanium provided with a mixed metal oxide coating layer including ruthenium oxide and/or iridium oxide, which coating layer faces the cathode; and a power source electrically connected to the cathode and the anode. The invention further relates to a method for the production of chlorine dioxide.

Disclosed is an apparatus for controlling water softeners includes a first water softener that softens and recycles source water, a second water softener that softens and recycles mutually complementarily with the first water softener, and a controller that controls water softening and recycling of the first water softener and the second water softener, based on water softening capabilities of the first water softener and the second water softener.

An apparatus that can be connected to a conventional sprayer bottle that permits the sprayer bottle to generate ozonated water to be used as a cleaning fluid. The apparatus includes an ozonator element coupled at one end of an electrical cable and an electrical connector coupled at the other end of the electrical cable. An aperture is formed in the sidewall of the bottle and the ozonator element, electrical cable and connector are passed through a top opening in the bottle portion. The electrical connector is then releasably secured within the aperture with the ozonator element being submerged in the water contained within the bottle. The dip tube of the spray head is then passed through the top opening and into the water in the bottle and the spray head is secured onto the bottle. Electrical energy is provided through the connector to the ozonator element to ozonate the water in the bottle for predetermined period of time after which the sprayer bottle contains ozonated water for cleaning. After another predetermined period of time, the ozonator element is energized again to ensure ozonated water is always available. A related apparatus can be connected between a feedpipe and a water reservoir for making the reservoir an ozonating water source.

The disclosure discloses an online resourceful treatment method of electroless copper plating waste solution. According to the disclosure, a copper catalyst is adopted to perform autocatalytic reaction on electroless copper plating waste solution in an autocatalytic reactor, copper simple substances are reduced from copper ions in the waste solution and recycled, the treated waste solution enters into a three-dimensional electrolyzer and a membrane filtration plant for further purification, the finally treated electroless copper plating waste solution meets water quality discharge standard, and the recovery rate of the copper simple substances can reach up to above 95%.

An electro-chemical activation (ECA) system includes an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, and a neutralization chamber. The anode chamber includes an anode configured to convert water having an alkaline-metal chloride into an anodic electrolyte that includes hypochlorous acid. The cathode chamber includes a cathode configured to convert water into a cathodic electrolyte. The neutralization chamber includes a neutralization cathode configured to remove protons from the anodic electrolyte after it leaves the anode chamber. The ECA system is configured to recirculate the anodic electrolyte back through the anode chamber and the neutralization chamber at least one more time to produce a concentrated chlorine solution. The ECA system is further configured to recirculate the cathodic electrolyte back through the cathode chamber at least one additional time to produce a concentrated alkaline solution.