There is disclosed a heat-insulating member including a pair of substrates and an airtight sealing part, in which the airtight sealing part is formed in an outer peripheral part between the pair of substrates to form a space between the pair of substrates, the space being in a vacuum or reduced pressure state, a sealing material that forms the airtight sealing part includes a low-melting glass, and the low-melting glass contains a vanadium oxide, barium oxide, phosphorus oxide, and tungsten oxide, in which the following two relational expressions are satisfied in terms of oxide contents: V.sub.2O.sub.5+BaO+P.sub.2O.sub.5+WO.sub.390 and V.sub.2O.sub.5>BaO>P.sub.2O.sub.5>WO.sub.3 (wherein unit: mol %). Thereby, influence on environmental impact can be reduced and maintenance of airtightness and an improvement in acid resistance can be achieved.

A light emitting device includes a light emitting diode (LED); a transparent optic having a refractive index n.sub.optic; and a phosphor layer spaced apart from the LED and positioned between the LED and the transparent optic. The phosphor layer has an effective refractive index n.sub.phosphor, where a gap between the LED and the phosphor layer has a refractive index n.sub.gap that is less than n.sub.phosphor. The transparent optic has an inner convex surface in contact with the phosphor layer. The inner convex surface has an inner radius of curvature r; and an outer convex surface facing away from the phosphor layer and being a surface through which the light emitting device emits light into a medium adjacent the outer convex surface. The medium has a refractive index n.sub.medium. The outer convex surface has an outer radius of curvature R, such that r/R is equal to n.sub.medium/n.sub.optic.

An electro-conductive paste which includes an electro-conductive powder, a multiple oxide containing tellurium oxide, and an organic vehicle. The electro-conductive paste contains 0.1 parts by weight to 10 parts by weight of the multiple oxide based on 100 parts by weight of the electro-conductive powder, and the content ratio of the tellurium oxide in 100% by weight of the multiple oxide as TeO.sub.2 is 3% by weight to 30% by weight.

The present invention relates to a glass frit, a conductive paste composition comprising the glass frit, and a solar cell fabricated using the conductive paste composition. The glass frit of the present invention comprises SiO.sub.2, PbO, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, ZnO, and Li.sub.2O. Further, the conductive paste composition of the present invention comprises a silver (Ag) powder, a lithium titanium oxide, a glass frit, a binder, and a solvent. The conductive paste composition of the present invention can be used to provide a solar cell having low contact resistance to enhance photoelectric efficiency.

The present invention relates to a glass frit, a conductive paste composition comprising the glass frit, and a solar cell fabricated using the conductive paste composition. The glass frit of the present invention comprises SiO.sub.2, PbO, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, ZrO.sub.2, ZnO, and Li.sub.2O. Further, the conductive paste composition of the present invention comprises a silver (Ag) powder, a lithium titanium oxide, a glass frit, a binder, and a solvent. The conductive paste composition of the present invention can be used to provide a solar cell having low contact resistance to enhance photoelectric efficiency.

A thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The thick film resistor is formed of a fired product of a resistive composition, wherein the thick film resistor contains ruthenium-based conductive particles containing ruthenium dioxide and a glass component essentially free of a lead component and has a resistance value in the range of 100 / to 10 M/ and a temperature coefficient of resistance within 100 ppm/ C.

A thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The thick film resistor is formed of a fired product of a resistive composition, wherein the thick film resistor contains ruthenium-based conductive particles containing ruthenium dioxide and a glass component essentially free of a lead component and has a resistance value in the range of 100 / to 10 M/ and a temperature coefficient of resistance within 100 ppm/ C.

A thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The thick film resistor is formed of a fired product of a resistive composition, wherein the thick film resistor contains ruthenium-based conductive particles containing ruthenium dioxide and a glass component essentially free of a lead component and has a resistance value in the range of 100/ to 10 M/ and a temperature coefficient of resistance within 100 ppm/ C.

A thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The thick film resistor is formed of a fired product of a resistive composition, wherein the thick film resistor contains ruthenium-based conductive particles containing ruthenium dioxide and a glass component essentially free of a lead component and has a resistance value in the range of 100/ to 10 M/ and a temperature coefficient of resistance within 100 ppm/ C.

An object of the present invention is to provide a resistive composition that can form a thick film resistor excluding a toxic lead component from a conductive component and glass and having characteristics equivalent to or superior to conventional resistors in terms of, in a wide resistance range, resistance values, TCR characteristics, current noise characteristics, withstand voltage characteristics and the like. The resistive composition of the present invention includes: ruthenium-based conductive particles including ruthenium dioxide; a glass frit that is essentially free of a lead component; and an organic vehicle, wherein the glass frit is a glass frit which is constituted such that in a case where a fired product of a mixture of the glass frit and the ruthenium dioxide has in a range of 1 k/ to 1 M/, the fired product exhibits a temperature coefficient of resistance in a plus range.