Provided is a member for optical glass manufacturing apparatus. The member is used for optical glass manufacturing apparatus and exposed to a gas containing a halogen element in a high temperature environment of 1100° C. or higher. The member includes dense ceramics containing silicon nitride as a main component, and a porosity of a surface layer of the member is smaller than a porosity of the inside of the member.

A cubic boron nitride sintered material includes: 0 to 85 volume % of cubic boron nitride grains; and a binder phase, wherein the binder phase includes at least one selected from a group consisting of one or more first compounds and a solid solution originated from the first compounds, the cubic boron nitride grains include, on number basis, more than or equal to 50% of cubic boron nitride grains each having an equivalent circle diameter of more than 0.5 μm, and includes, on number basis, less than or equal to 50% of cubic boron nitride grains each having an equivalent circle diameter of more than 2 μm, and when a mass of the cubic boron nitride grains is assumed as 100 mass %, a total content of lithium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, beryllium, and barium in the cubic boron nitride grains is less than 0.001 mass %.

Methods and systems for producing feedstock powders, suitable for use in laser-based additive manufacturing, use laser ablation to vaporize a source material, which may be in bulk solid or solid coarse grain form. The source material is vaporized by a laser (or other focused energy source) in a vaporization chamber that is temperature controlled to provide a vertical thermal gradient. The vertical thermal gradient may be controlled to, in turn, control the nucleation, coagulation, and agglomeration of the vaporized molecules, enabling formation of microparticles that may then be used as feedstock powders in laser-based additive manufacturing. The produced feedstock powder particles may be of uniform composition, of uniform shape (e.g., substantially spherical), and of uniform phase or homogeneously-mixed phases.

According to the present invention, there are provided a composite body that enables the formation of a lithium ion conductor that exhibits good lithium ion conductivity by a pressurization treatment without sintering at a high temperature (about 1,000° C.) while using a lithium-containing oxide having excellent safety and stability, as well as a lithium ion conductor, an all-solid state lithium ion secondary battery, an electrode sheet for an all-solid state lithium ion secondary battery, and lithium tetraborate. The composite body according to the embodiment of the present invention contains a lithium compound having a lithium ion conductivity of 1.0×10.sup.−6 S/cm or more at 25° C. and lithium tetraborate that satisfies the following requirement 1.

The requirement 1: In a reduced two-body distribution function G(r) obtained from an X-ray total scattering measurement of the lithium tetraborate, a first peak in which a peak top is located in a range where r is 1.43±0.2 Å and a second peak in which a peak top is located in a range where r is 2.40±0.2 Å are present, G(r) of the peak top of the first peak and G(r) of the peak top of the second peak indicate more than 1.0, and an absolute value of G(r) is less than 1.0 in a range where r is more than 5 Å and 10 Å or less.

A substrate support structure includes a substrate support structure body formed from a ceramic composite and having a first surface, a second surface spaced apart from the first surface, and a periphery spanning the first surface and the second surface of the substrate support structure body. The first surface, the second surface, and the periphery of the substrate support structure body are defined by the ceramic composite. The ceramic composite includes two or more of a (a) an aluminum nitride (AlN) constituent, (b) an aluminum oxynitride (Al.sub.2.81O.sub.3.56N.sub.0.44, AlON) constituent, (c) an alpha-alumina (α-Al.sub.2O.sub.3) constituent, (d) a yttrium alumina garnet (Y.sub.3Al.sub.5O.sub.12, YAG) constituent, (e) a yttrium alumina monoclinic (Y.sub.4Al.sub.2O.sub.9, YAM) constituent, (f) a yttrium alumina perovskite (YAlO.sub.3, YAP) constituent, and (g) a yttrium oxide (Y.sub.2O.sub.3) constituent. Semiconductor processing systems and methods of making substrate support structures are also described.

Methods and apparatuses for additive manufacturing are described. A method for additive manufacturing may include exposing a layer of material on a build surface to one or more projections of laser energy including at least one line laser having a substantially linear shape. The intensity of the line laser may be modulated so as to cause fusion of the layer of material according to a desired pattern as the one or more projections of laser energy are scanned across the build surface.

A metal-Si based powder contains a metal-Si based particle including a plurality of crystal phase grains. The crystal phase grains include a crystal phase containing a compound of a metal and Si. The crystal phase grains have an average grain size of, for example, 20 μm or less. The metal-Si based particle has an average particle size of, for example, 5 to 100 μm.

A ceramic product and a method of producing the ceramic product produced by pretreating the feedstock from at least of iron/steel recovery, recovery of at least one non-ferrous material, sieving, crushing, milling, aging, and thermal treatment, receiving as a first powder a first recovered material from the pretreating, receiving as a second powder a second recovered material from the pretreating, combining the first and second powders with water to form at least one of an extrudable paste and a granulated mixture, forming a green body from the at least one of the extrudable paste after extrusion and the granulated mixture; drying the green body, firing the green body to form the ceramic product, and cooling the ceramic product.

A cubic boron nitride sintered material tool contains a plurality of cBN grains. cBN grains located on a surface of the cutting edge contain a cubic boron nitride phase, and a hexagonal boron nitride phase. When a ratio I.sub.π*/I.sub.σ* between an intensity of a π* peak derived from a π bond of hBN in the hexagonal boron nitride phase and an intensity of a σ* peak derived from a σ bond of hBN in the hexagonal boron nitride phase and a σ bond of cBN in the cubic boron nitride phase is determined by measuring an energy loss associated with excitation of K-shell electrons of boron, the ratio I.sub.π*/I.sub.σ* of the cBN grain on the surface of the cutting edge is 0.1 to 2, and the ratio I.sub.π*/I.sub.σ* of the cBN grain at a depth position of 5 μm from the surface of the cutting edge is 0.001 to 0.1.

A process comprising: (i) coating particles of silicon carbide, silicon nitride, boron carbide or boron nitride with a metal alloy or metal layer; (ii) agglomerating the particles of step (i); thermally spraying the agglomerated metal or metal alloy coated particles onto a substrate to provide a coating thereon.